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The sensitivity of the hoist system in crane applications from speed control methods at induction motor

Die Empfindlichkeit des Hebesystems von Krananwendungen bei Geschwindigkeitsregelverfahren am Induktionsmotor

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Abstract

Choosing the appropriate control technique in variable speed drive (VSD) is very important to avoid faults on the hoisting system of molten metal. This paper analyzes the sensitivity of the hoist system in crane applications from the three various control techniques of variable speed drives of induction motors: V/f open-loop control, V/f closed-loop control and closed-loop vector control. It is noticed that stoppages of motor run are usually caused by the wrong selection of control technique, by overload (overcurrent and overvoltage) or by both. On the V/f control (open and closed-loop), when the load is 45 t in low output speed (5–6 Hz), the hook is moving without control downward direction, even if the command was given for lifting (upward direction), therefore we cannot use this control technique on the main hoist 50 T Crane. In the closed-loop vector control, the feedback error information determines the exact voltage vector position and norm to produce exactly what is needed to correct the error, as the result of the number of fault/trip on hoist crane applications will be minimal. For different loads, although the output currents change obviously, motor temperature remains constant.

Zusammenfassung

Die Wahl der geeigneten Regelungsstrategie bei drehzahlvariablen Antrieben ist sehr wichtig, um Schäden am Hebesystem an den geschweißten Verbindungen zu vermeiden. Diese Arbeit analysiert die Empfindlichkeit des Hubsystems bei Krananwendungen mit drei verschiedenen Regelungsverfahren von drehzahlvariablen Asynchronmaschinen: U/f-Regelung, U/f-Regelung mit offener Regelschleife sowie Regelung mit geschlossener Regelschleife. Man hat festgestellt, dass Stillstände des Motorlaufs in der Regel durch die falsche Auswahl der Regelstrategie, durch Überlastung (Überstrom und Überspannung) oder durch beides verursacht werden. Bei der U/f-Regelung (offen und geschlossen), wenn die Last 45 t bei niedriger Ausgangsdrehzahl (5–6 Hz) ist, bewegt sich der Haken ohne Regelung nach unten, auch wenn der Befehl zum Heben gegeben wurde (nach oben gerichtet), daher kann diese Regelungsstrategie nicht am Haupthubwerk mit 50 T verwendet werden. Bei der geschlossenen Vektorregelung bestimmt die Rückkopplungsfehlerinformation die exakte Spannungsvektorposition, um genau das zu generieren, was zur Korrektur des Fehlers erforderlich ist, damit die Anzahl der Fehler-/Auslösungen bei Hubkrananwendungen minimal wird. Für unterschiedliche Lasten, obwohl sich die Ausgangsströme offensichtlich ändern, bleibt die Motortemperatur konstant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, 10000, Kosovo

    Sabrije Osmanaj, Kadrije Simnica Aliu & Myzafere Limani

  2. Faculty of Mechanical and Computer Engineering, University of Mitrovica, Mitrovica, 40000, Kosovo

    Qamil Kabashi

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  1. Sabrije Osmanaj
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  2. Kadrije Simnica Aliu
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  3. Myzafere Limani
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  4. Qamil Kabashi
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Correspondence to Qamil Kabashi.

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Q. Kabashi is the corresponding author of this paper.

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Osmanaj, S., Simnica Aliu, K., Limani, M. et al. The sensitivity of the hoist system in crane applications from speed control methods at induction motor. Elektrotech. Inftech. 135, 195–203 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0606-7

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