Abstract
In this paper, we do not separate the complex-valued neural networks into two real-valued systems, the quasi-projective synchronization and complete synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delays are investigated. First, the generalized discrete fractional Halanay inequality with bounded time delays is established. Further, based on the generalized discrete fractional Halanay inequality and Lyapunov functional method, several novel quasi-projective synchronization and complete synchronization conditions of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delays are derived. Finally, several examples are presented to illustrated the results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Atici FM, Eloe PW (2011) Linear systems of fractional nabla difference equations. Rocky Mountain J Math 41(2):353–370
Mozyrska D, Girejko E (2013) Overview of fractional \(h\)-difference operators. Advances in Harmonic Analysis and Operator Theory: The Stefan Samko anniversary volume. In: Almeida A, Castro L, Speak FO (eds) Advances in harmonic analysis and operator theory: the stefan samko anniversary volume. Springer, Berlin, pp 253–268
Abdeljawad T (2018) Different type kernel \(h\)-fractional differences and their fractional \(h\)-sums. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 116:146–156
Baleanu D, Wu G, Bai Y, Chen F (2017) Stability analysis of Caputo-like discrete fractional systems. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 48:520–530
Goodrich C, Peterson A (2015) Discrete fractional calculus. Springer, Berlin
čermák J, Kisela T, Nechvátal L (2011) Discrete Mittag-Leffler functions in linear fractional difference equations. Abstract Appl Anal 2011:1–21
Jia BG, Liu X, Du FF, Wang M (2018) The solution of a new caputo-like \(h\)-difference equation. Rocky Mountain J Math 48:1607–1630
Jia BG, Du FF, Erbe L, Peterson A (2018) Asymptotic behavior of nabla half order \(h\)-difference equations. J Appl Anal Comput 8(6):1707–1726
Wang M, Jia BG, Du FF, Liu X (2020) Asymptotic stability of fractional difference equations with bounded time delay. Fract Calculus Appl Anal 23(2):571–590
Liu X, Du FF, Anderson DR, Jia BG (2021) Monotonicity results for nabla fractional \(h\)-difference operators. Math Methods Appl Sci 44:1207–1218
Podlubny I (1999) Fractional differential equations, San Diego. Academic Press, California
Liang S, Wu RC, Chen LP (2015) Comparison principles and stability of nonlinear fractional-order cellular neural networks with multiple time delays. Neurocomputing 168:618–625
Wang FX, Liu XG, Li J (2018) Synchronization analysis for fractional non-autonomous neural networks by a Halanay inequality. Neurocomputing 314:20–29
Fan Y, Huang X, Wang Z, Li YX (2018) Improved quasi-synchronization criteria for delayed fractional-order memristor-based neural networks via linear feedback control. Neurocomputing 306:68–79
Yu J, Hu C, Jiang HJ, Fan XL (2014) Projective synchronization for fractional neural networks. Neural Netw 49:87–95
Bao HB, Cao JD (2015) Projective synchronization of fractional-order memtistor-based neural networks. Neural Netw 63:1–9
Chen LP, Cao JD, Wu RC, Machado JAT, Lopes AM, Yang HJ (2017) Stability and synchronization of fractional-order memristive neural networks with multiple delays. Neural Netw 94:76–85
Chen JJ, Zeng ZG, Jiang P (2014) Global Mittag-Leffler stability and synchronization of memristor-based fractional-order neural networks. Neural Netw 51:1–8
You XX, Song QK, Zhao ZJ (2020) Global Mittag-Leffler stability and synchronization of discrete-time fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delay. Neural Netw 122:382–394
Yang S, Yu J, Hu C, Jiang H (2018) Quasi-projective synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued recurrent neural networks. Neural Netw 104:104–113
Bao HB, Park JH, Cao JD (2016) Synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delay. Neural Netw 81:16–28
Kaslik E, Rádulescu IR (2017) Dynamics of complex-valued fractional-order neural networks. Neural Netw 89:39–49
Rakkiyappan R, Velmurugan G, Cao JD (2015) Stability analysis of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delays. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 78:297–316
Tyagi S, Abbas S, Hafayed M (2016) Global Mittag-Leffler stability of complex valued fractional-order neural network with discrete and distributed delays. Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo 65:485–505
Zhang L, Song QK, Zhao ZJ (2017) Stability analysis of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with both leakage and discrete delays. Appl Math Comput 298:296–309
Wu RC, Lu YF, Chen LP (2015) Finite-time stability of fractional delayed neural networks. Neurocomputing 149:700–707
Wang ZY, Cao JD, Cai ZW, Huang LH (2019) Periodicity and finite-time periodic synchronization of discontinuous complex-valued neural networks. Neural Netw 119:249–260
Chen LP, Yin H, Huang TW, Yuan LG, Zheng S, Yin LS (2020) Chaos in fractional-order discrete neural networks with application to image encryption. Neural Netw 125:174–184
Hoppensteadt F, Izhikevich E (2000) Pattern recognition via synchronization in phased-locked loop neural networks. Neural Netw 11:734–738
Zhang Y, Han Q (2013) Network-based synchronization of delayed neural networks. IEEE Trans Circ Syst 60:676–689
Chen T, Wu W, Zhou W (2008) Global \(\mu\)-synchronization of linearly coupled unbounded time-varying delayed neural networks with unbounded delayed coupling. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 19:1809–1816
Liu B, Lu W, Chen T (2011) Global almost sure self-sychronization of Hopfield neural networks with randomly switching connections. Neural Netw 24:305–310
Jia Q, Han ZY, Tang Wallace KS (2019) Synchronization of multi-agent systems with time-varying control and delayed communications. IEEE Trans Circ Syst I: Regular Papers 66(11):4429–4438
Jia Q, Sun M, Tang Wallace KS (2019) Consensus of multiagent systems with delayed node dynamics and time-varying coupling, IEEE Trans Syst, Man, and Cybern: Syst, https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.2019.2921594.
Chen JR, Jiao LC, Wu JS, Wang XD (2010) Projective synchronization with different scale factors in a driven-response complex network and its application in image encryption. Nonlinear Anal: Real World Appl 11:3045–3058
Xiao JW, Wang ZW, Miao WT, Wang YW (2012) Adaptive pinning control for the projective synchronization of drive-response dynamical networks. Appl Math Comput 219:2780–2788
Hu MF, Yang YQ, Xu ZY (2008) Impulsive control of projective synchronization in chaotic systems. Phys Lett A 372:3228–3233
Wu ZY, Chen GR, Fu XC (2012) Synchronization of a network coupled with complex variable chaotic systems. Chaos 22:1–9
Jia Q, Tang Wallace KS (2020) Master-slave synchronization of delayed neural networks with time-varying control, IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst, https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2020.2996224.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank to anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions, which improved the quality of the paper. This paper is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. A2020205026), the Scientific Research Foundation of Hebei Education Department (No. QN2020202), the Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University (No. L2020B01), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 61304155, No. 61903386).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, X., Yu, Y. Synchronization analysis for discrete fractional-order complex-valued neural networks with time delays. Neural Comput & Applic 33, 10503–10514 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-05808-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-05808-y
Keywords
- Discrete fractional-order complex-valued neural networks
- Generalized discrete fractional Halanay inequality
- Projective synchronization