Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Optimizing the end-to-end transmission scheme for hybrid satellite and multihop networks

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Neural Computing and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Satellite networks can communicate with the outside world from anywhere in the world, and multihop networks are suitable for occasions in which infrastructure is lacking or for emergencies. Heterogeneous networks formed by satellite and multihop networks can further expand the communication range of wireless networks; this expansion is conducive to communication with the outside world in remote areas and in emergency situations. However, the formation of heterogeneous networks also brings new challenges to wireless network research. To improve the transmission performance of heterogeneous networks composed of satellite and multihop networks, this paper first introduces the heterogeneous network model of satellite and multihop networks, then analyzes the bandwidth delay products of heterogeneous networks and proposes an end-to-end transmission control algorithm for heterogeneous networks. The algorithm incorporates different congestion window settings in the slow start through a threshold and through the size of the receiver notification window by increasing the amount of data transmitted in the slow start to improve the throughput of the satellite link. The algorithm then differentiates packet losses in congestion avoidance through the sizes of unacknowledged data in the heterogeneous network, using different threshold settings for different unacknowledged data sizes. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has some advantages over the TCP Hybla, TCP Veno and TCP Reno schemes in terms of the throughput of the satellite link, the download response time of the multihop network and the queue delay of nodes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

References

  1. Ye H, Liang L, Li GY et al (2020) Deep learning-based end-to-end wireless communication systems with conditional GANs as unknown channels. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 19(5):3133–3143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Njoya AN, Ari AAA, Awa MN et al (2020) Hybrid wireless sensors deployment scheme with connectivity and coverage maintaining in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Pers Commun 112(3):1893–1917

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Tusha A, Doğan S, Arslan H (2020) A hybrid downlink NOMA with OFDM and OFDM-IM for beyond 5G wireless networks. IEEE Signal Process Lett 27:491–495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Guo K, Lin M, Zhang B et al (2020) Performance analysis of hybrid satellite-terrestrial cooperative networks with relay selection. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 69(8):9053–9067

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kim J, Casati G, Pietrabissa A et al (2020) 5G-ALLSTAR: An integrated satellite-cellular system for 5G and beyond. In: Proceeding of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops, pp 1–6

  6. Li X, Feng W, Chen Y et al (2020) Maritime coverage enhancement using UAVs coordinated with hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks. IEEE Trans Commun 68(4):2355–2369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhou MT, Hoang VD, Harada H et al (2013) TRITON: high-speed maritime wireless mesh network. IEEE Wirel Commun 20(5):134–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Du WC, Ma Z, Bai Y et al (2010) Integrated wireless networking architecture for maritime communications. In: Proceedings of the Software Engineering Artificial Intelligence Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing, pp 134–138

  9. Luglio M, Monti C, Roseti C et al (2007) Interworking between MANET and satellite systems for emergency applications. Int J Satell Commun Network 25(5):551–558

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Oliveira A, Sun Z, Monier M et al (2010) On optimizing hybrid ad-hoc and satellite networks — The MONET approach. In: Proceedings of the Future Network and Mobile Summit, pp 1–8

  11. Oliveira A, Sun Z, Boutry P et al (2011) Internetworking and wireless ad hoc networks for emergency and disaster relief services. Int J Satell Comm Policy Manag 1(1):1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yang X, Sun Z, Liu H, Zhao K, Cheng Z, Miao Y, Cruickshank H (2016) Technology of new generation LEO satellite networks and terrestrial MANET integration. ZTE Technol J 22(4):58–63

    Google Scholar 

  13. Miao Y, Sun Z, Wang N et al (2015) Comparison studies of MANET-satellite and MANET-cellular networks integrations. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing, pp 1–5

  14. Yang X, Sun Z, Miao Y et al (2016) QoS routing for MANET and satellite hybrid network to support disaster relives and management. In: Proceedings of the Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), pp 1–5

  15. Dhaou R, Franck L, Halchin A et al (2016) Gateway selection optimization in hybrid MANET-satellite network. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Wireless and Satellite Systems, pp 331–344

  16. Xie X, Wang J, Guo X et al (2018) Performance evaluation of ad-hoc routing protocols in hybrid MANET-satellite network. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, pp 500–509

  17. Joseph Auxilius Jude M, Diniesh VC, Shivaranjani M (2020) Throughput stability and flow fairness enhancement of TCP traffic in multi-hop wireless networks. Wireless Netw 26:4689–4704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Saedi T, El-Ocla H (2021) TCP CERL+: revisiting TCP congestion control in wireless networks with random loss. Wireless Netw 27(1):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang J, Pham K (2020) Design of nonlinear control for active queue management in TCP satellite communication networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Aerospace Conference, pp 1–9

  20. Cheng RS, Deng DJ (2014) Congestion control with dynamic threshold adaptation and cross layer response for TCP Vegas over IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. Int J Commun Syst 27(11): 2918–2930

  21. Luo Y, Yin M, Jiang H et al (2014) An improved congestion avoidance control model for TCP Vegas based on Ad Hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the Control and Decision Conference, pp 2310–2314

  22. Kuang L, Jiang C, Qian Y et al (2018) Multiple Access Resource Allocation. Terrestrial-Satellite Communication Networks. Springer, Cham, pp 127–148

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Tay J, Noor R M (2011) A Hybrid TCP congestion mechanism to improve mobile WiMAX networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Computers & Informatics, pp 553–558

  24. Ding N, Wu R Q, Jie H (2015) TCP BRJ: Enhanced TCP congestion control based on bandwidth estimation and RTT jitter for heterogeneous networks. In: Proceedings of  the Third International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems, pp 623–632

  25. Bouttier E, Dhaou R, Arnal F et al (2018) Improving content delivery with size-aware routing in hybrid satellite/terrestrial networks. In: Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp 1–6

  26. Ziaragkas G, Poziopoulou G, Núñez-Martínez J et al (2017) SANSA—hybrid terrestrial–satellite backhaul network: scenarios, use cases, KPIs, architecture, network and physical layer techniques. Int J Satell Commun Network 35(5):379–405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Utsumi S, Zabir SMS, Usuki Y et al (2018) A new analytical model of TCP Hybla for satellite IP networks. J Netw Comput Appl 124:137–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Caini C, Firrincieli R (2004) TCP Hybla: a TCP enhancement for heterogeneous networks. Int J Satell Commun Network 22(5):547–566

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Caini C, Firrincieli R, Lacamera D (2007) PEPsal: a Performance Enhancing Proxy for TCP satellite connections. IEEE Aerosp Electron Syst Mag 22(8):7–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Ahmad M, Ahmad U, Ngadi MA et al (2020) loss based congestion control module for health centers deployed by using advanced IoT based SDN communication networks. Int J Parallel Prog 48(2):213–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020JJ4557), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (Grant Nos. 20B519, 19B512 and 19A446), Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea (Grant No. MRUKF2021034) and Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 20202BABL212001).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, Hunan, China

    Liang Zong, Chenglin Zhao, Chenglin Zhao, Gaofeng Luo & Gaofeng Luo

  2. College of Physical Science and Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, Jiangxi, China

    Han Wang

  3. Institute of Data Science, City University of Macau, Macao 999078, Macao, China

    Han Wang & Wencai Du

  4. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hakou 570228, Hainan, China

    Han Wang

Authors
  1. Liang Zong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Han Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wencai Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chenglin Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  5. Gaofeng Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Han Wang.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

On behalf of all authors, I hereby attest that there are no conflicts of interest regarding financial relationships, intellectual property or any point mentioned under the publishing ethics.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zong, L., Wang, H., Du, W. et al. Optimizing the end-to-end transmission scheme for hybrid satellite and multihop networks. Neural Comput & Applic 35, 3063–3074 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06156-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06156-7

Keywords