Abstract
An adaptive leader-following consensus tracking control approach is considered for strict-feedback nonlinear multi-agent systems, which contain unknown parameters and dynamic leader with both input and output. An adaptive tracking controller and adaptive consensus controllers are designed for nonlinear leader agent and follower agents by backstepping control technique, respectively. Compared to the control methods in the existing literature, only a few adaptive laws need to be constructed by tuning function approach, and the number of design parameters is greatly reduced also. Furthermore, through the Lyapunov stability principle, the tracking error and consensus errors asymptotically converge to zero, and other signals in nonlinear multi-agent systems are bounded. A simulation example shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control method at the end of this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ren W, Beard RW (2004) A decentralized scheme for spacecraft formation flying via the virtual structure approach. J Guid Control Dyn 27(1):73–82
Fax JA, Murray RM (2004) Information flow and cooperative control of vehicle formations. IEEE Trans Autom Control 49(9):1465–1476
Hu Q, Shi Y (2020) Event-based coordinated control of spacecraft formation flying under limited communication. Nonlinear Dyn 99:2139–2159
Peng ZH, Wang J, Wang D (2017) Containment maneuvering of marine surface vehicles with multiple parameterized paths via spatial-temporal decoupling. IEEE-ASME Trans Mechatron 22(2):1026–1036
Wang D, Wang D, Wang W (2019) Necessary and sufficient conditions for containment control of multi-agent systems with time delay. Automatica 103:418–423
Zhang LL, Hua CC, Yu HN (2019) Distributed adaptive fuzzy containment control of stochastic pure-feedback nonlinear multiagent systems with local quantized controller and tracking constraint. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst 49(4):787–796
Cui GZ, Xu SY, Chen XK, Lewis FL, Zhang BY (2018) Distributed containment control for nonlinear multiagent systems in pure-feedback form. Int J Robust Nonlinear Control 28(7):2742–2758
Qin JH, Ma QC, Yu XH, Kang Y (2019) Output containment control for heterogeneous linear multiagent systems with fixed and switching topologies. IEEE Trans Cybern 49(12):4117–4128
Zhuo S, Song YD, Lewis FL, Davoudi A (2017) Output containment control of linear heterogeneous multi-agent systems using internal model principle. IEEE Trans Cybern 47(8):2099–2109
Xiao F, Chen TW, Gao HJ (2016) Synchronous hybrid event- and time-driven consensus in multiagent networks with time delays. IEEE Trans Cybern 5(46):1165–1174
Wen GX, Chen CLP, Liu YJ, Liu Z (2017) Neural network-based adaptive leader-following consensus control for a class of nonlinear multiagent state-delay systems. IEEE Trans Cybern 47(8):2151–2160
You X, Hua CC, Yu HN, Guan XP (2019) Leader-following consensus for high-order stochastic multi-agent systems via dynamic output feedback control. Automatica 107:418–424
Wang W, Liang HJ, Zhang YH, Li TS (2019) Adaptive cooperative control for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems with dead zone and input delay. Nonlinear Dyn 96:2707–2719
Hu TT, He Z, Zhang XJ, Zhong SM (2020) Leaderfollowing consensus of fractional-order multi-agent systems based on event-triggered control. Nonlinear Dyn 99(3):2219–2232
Shi CX, Yang GH, Li XJ (2019) Data-based fault-tolerant consensus control for uncertain multiagent systems via weighted edge dynamics. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst 49(12):2548–2558
Fang H, Wei Y, Chen J, Xin B (2017) Flocking of second-order multiagent systems with connectivity preservation based on algebraic connectivity estimation. IEEE Trans Cybern 47(4):1067–1077
Wen GX, Chen CLP, Li B (2020) Optimized formation control using simplified reinforcement learning for a class of multi-agent systems with unknown dynamics. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 67(9):7879–7888
Li W, Chen Z, Liu Z (2013) Leader-following formation control for second-order multiagent systems with time-varying delay and nonlinear dynamics. Nonlinear Dyn 72(4):803–812
Bucolo M, Buscarino A, Famoso C, Fortuna L, Frasca M (2019) Control of imperfect dynamical systems. Nonlinear Dyn 98(4):2989–2999
Zhang HG, Han J, Wang YC (2019) H-infinity consensus for linear heterogeneous discrete-time multiagent systems with output feedback control. IEEE Trans Cybern 49(10):3713–3721
Li YX, Yang GH, Tong SC (2019) Fuzzy adaptive distributed event-triggered consensus control of uncertain nonlinear multiagent systems. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst 49(9):1777–1786
Zhang JL, Zhang HG, Feng T (2018) Distributed optimal consensus control for nonlinear multiagent system with unknown dynamic. IEEE Trans Control Netw Syst 29(8):3339–3348
Qu FY, Tong SC (2019) Observer-based fuzzy adaptive quantized control for uncertain nonlinear multiagent systems. Int J Adapt Control Signal Process 33(4):567–585
Wu LB, Park JH, Xie XP, Ren YW, Yang ZC (2020) Distributed adaptive neural network consensus for a class of uncertain nonaffine nonlinear multi-agent systems. Nonlinear Dyn 100:1243–1255
Zhang HG, Zhang JL, Yang GH (2018) Leader-based optimal coordination control for the consensus problem of multiagent differential games via fuzzy adaptive dynamic programming. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 23(1):152–163
Wang YC, Li HF, Qiu XJ, Xie XP (2020) Consensus tracking for nonlinear multi-agent systems with unknown disturbance by using model free adaptive iterative learning control. Appl Math Comput 365:1–16
Ren CE, Chen CLP, Du T, Guan Y (2019) Fuzzy adaptive leader-following consensus control for nonlinear multi-agent systems with unknown control directions. Int J Fuzzy Syst 21(7):2066–2076
Guo WL, Luo WQ, Zheng ZM (2019) Lag group consensus for the second-order nonlinear multi-agent systems via adaptive control approach. Int J Control Autom Syst 17(8):1971–1977
Zuppa LA, Garrido JCR, Escobar SB (2004) A chaotic oscillator using the Van der Pol dynamic immersed into a Jerk system. WSEAS Trans Circuits Syst 3(1):198–199
Pereira E, Aphale SS, Feliu V, Moheimani SOR (2011) Integral resonant control for vibration damping and precise tip-positioning of a single-link flexible manipulator. IEEE/ASME Trans Mechatron 16(2):232–240
Li YM, Qu FY, Tong SC (2021) Observer-based fuzzy adaptive finite-time containment control of nonlinear multiagent systems with input delay. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 50(1):126–137
Chen CLP, Wen GX, Liu Z (2016) Observer-based adaptive backstepping consensus tracking control for high-order nonlinear semi-strict-feedback multiagent systems. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 46(7):1591–1601
Tong SC, Li YM, Liu YJ (2021) Observer-based adaptive neural networks control for large-scale interconnected systems with nonconstant control gains. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 32(4):1575–1585
Wu C, Liu J, Xiong Y (2018) Observer-based adaptive fault-tolerant tracking control of nonlinear nonstrict-feedback systems. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 29(7):3022–3033
Niu B, Lu L (2018) Adaptive backstepping-based neural tracking control for MIMO nonlinear switched systems subject to input delays. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 29(99):2638–2644
Liu YJ, Gong MZ, Tong SC, Chen CLP, Li DJ (2018) Adaptive fuzzy output feedback control for a class of nonlinear systems with full state constraints. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 26(5):2607–2617
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61903169), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC2007182), and Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning (2019-BS-126).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cui, Y., Liu, X. Adaptive consensus tracking control of strict-feedback nonlinear multi-agent systems with unknown dynamic leader. Neural Comput & Applic 34, 6215–6226 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06801-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06801-1