Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

PAFM: pose-drive attention fusion mechanism for occluded person re-identification

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Neural Computing and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pedestrians are often occluded by various obstacles in public places, which is a big challenge for person re-identification. To alleviate the occlusion problem, we propose a Pose-drive Attention Fusion Mechanism (PAFM) that jointly fuses the discriminative features with pose-driven attention and spatial attention in an end-to-end framework. To simultaneously use global and local features, a multi-task network is constructed to realize multi-granularity feature representation. After anchoring the region of interest to the un-occluded spatial semantic information in the image through the spatial attention mechanism, some key points of the pedestrian’s body are extracted using pose estimation and then fused with the spatial attention map to eliminate the harm of occlusion to the re-identification. Besides, the identification granularity is increased by matching the local features. We test and verify the effectiveness of the PAFM on Occluded-DukeMTMC, Occluded-REID and Partial-REID. The experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved competitive performance to the state-of-the-art methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

Availability of data and material

We all make sure that all data and materials support our published claims and comply with field standards.

References

  1. Artacho B, Savakis A (2020) Unipose: Unified human pose estimation in single images and videos. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 7035–7044

  2. Cao Z, Simon T, Wei SE, Sheikh Y (2017) Realtime multi-person 2d pose estimation using part affinity fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 7291–7299

  3. Chen K, Chen Y, Han C, Sang N, Gao C (2020) Hard sample mining makes person re-identification more efficient and accurate. Neurocomputing 382:259–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen T, Ding S, Xie J, Yuan Y, Chen W, Yang Y, Ren Z, Wang Z (2019) Abd-net: Attentive but diverse person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 8351–8361

  5. Chen X, Fu C, Zhao Y, Zheng F, Song J, Ji R, Yang Y (2020) Salience-guided cascaded suppression network for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 3300–3310

  6. Deng J, Dong W, Socher R, Li LJ, Li K, Fei-Fei L (2009) Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database. In: 2009 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 248–255. Ieee

  7. Fang HS, Xie S, Tai YW, Lu C (2017) Rmpe: Regional multi-person pose estimation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 2334–2343

  8. Gao Z, Gao L, Zhang H, Cheng Z, Hong R (2019) Deep spatial pyramid features collaborative reconstruction for partial person reid. In: MM Proceeding ACM International Conference Multimedia, p 1879–1887

  9. Ge Y, Li Z, Zhao H, Yin G, Yi S, Wang X et al (2018) Fd-gan: Pose-guided feature distilling gan for robust person re-identification. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, p 1222–1233

  10. He K, Zhang X, Ren S, Sun J (2016) Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 770–778

  11. He L, Liang J, Li H, Sun Z (2018) Deep spatial feature reconstruction for partial person re-identification: Alignment-free approach. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 7073–7082

  12. He L, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhao H, Sun Z, Feng J (2019) Foreground-aware pyramid reconstruction for alignment-free occluded person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 8450–8459

  13. Hu J, Shen L, Sun G (2018) Squeeze-and-excitation networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 7132–7141

  14. Kendall A, Gal Y (2017) What uncertainties do we need in bayesian deep learning for computer vision? In: Advances in neural information processing systems, p 5574–5584

  15. Kendall A, Gal Y, Cipolla R (2018) Multi-task learning using uncertainty to weigh losses for scene geometry and semantics. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 7482–7491

  16. Lin TY, Maire M, Belongie S, Hays J, Perona P, Ramanan D, Dollar P, Zitnick CL (2014) Microsoft coco: Common objects in context. In: European conference on computer vision, Springer, p 740–755

  17. Liu J, Ni B, Yan Y, Zhou P, Cheng S, Hu J (2018) Pose transferrable person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 4099–4108

  18. Lu Y, Wu Y, Liu B, Zhang T, Li B, Chu Q, Yu N (2020) Cross-modality person re-identification with shared-specific feature transfer. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 13376–13386

  19. Luo H, Gu Y, Liao X, Lai S, Jiang W (2019) Bag of tricks and a strong baseline for deep person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, p 0–0

  20. Miao J, Wu Y, Liu P, Ding Y, Yang Y (2019) Pose-guided feature alignment for occluded person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 542–551

  21. Peng D, Yu X, Peng W, Lu J (2021) DGFAU-Net: Global feature attention upsampling network for medical image segmentation. Neural Comput Appl 33(18):12023–12037. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-05908-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Qian X, Fu Y, Jiang YG, Xiang T, Xue X (2017) Multi-scale deep learning architectures for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 5399–5408

  23. Ristani E, Solera F, Zou R, Cucchiara R, Tomasi C (2016) Performance measures and a data set for multi-target, multi-camera tracking. In: European Conference on Computer Vision, Springer, p 17–35.

  24. Saquib Sarfraz M, Schumann A, Eberle A, Stiefelhagen R (2018) A pose-sensitive embedding for person re-identification with expanded cross neighborhood re-ranking. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 420–429

  25. Sarfraz MS, Schumann A, Eberle A, Stiefelhagen R (2018) A pose-sensitive embedding for person re-identification with expanded cross neighborhood re-ranking. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. p 420–429

  26. Serbetci A, Akgul YS (2020) End-to-end training of CNN ensembles for person re-identification. Pattern Recogn 1(104):107319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Suh Y, Wang J, Tang S, Mei T, Mu Lee K (2018) Part-aligned bilinear representations for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), p 402–419

  28. Sun K, Xiao B, Liu D, Wang J (2019) Deep high-resolution representation learning for human pose estimation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, p 5693–5703

  29. Sun Y, Zheng L, Yang Y, Tian Q, Wang S (2018) Beyond part models: Person retrieval with refined part pooling (and a strong convolutional baseline). In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), p 480–496

  30. Tay CP, Roy S, Yap KH (2019) Aanet: Attribute attention network for person re-identifications. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 7134–7143

  31. Wang G, Yang S, Liu H, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wang S, Yu G, Zhou E, Sun J (2020) High-order information matters: Learning relation and topology for occluded person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 6449–6458

  32. Zhang C, Li Z, Wang Z (2018) Joint compressive representation for multi-feature tracking[J]. Neurocomputing 299:32–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhang Z, Lan C, Zeng W, Chen Z (2019) Densely semantically aligned person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 667–676

  34. Zhao L, Li X, Zhuang Y, Wang J (2017) Deeply-learned part-aligned representations for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision, p 3219–3228

  35. Zheng F, Deng C, Sun X, Jiang X, Guo X, Yu Z, Huang F, Ji R (2019) Pyramidal person re-identification via multi-loss dynamic training. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 8514–8522

  36. Zheng L, Shen L, Tian L, Wang S, Wang J, Tian Q (2015) Scalable person re-identification: A benchmark. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International conference on computer vision, p 1116–1124

  37. Zheng WS, Li X, Xiang T, Liao S, Lai J, Gong S (2015) Partial person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 4678–4686

  38. Zhou K, Yang Y, Cavallaro A, Xiang T (2019) Omni-scale feature learning for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, p 3702–3712

  39. Zhou S, Wang J, Wang J, Gong Y, Zheng N (2017) Point to set similarity based deep feature learning for person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, p 3741–3750

  40. Zhuo J, Chen Z, Lai J, Wang G (2018) Occluded person re-identification. In: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME),IEEE, p 1–6

Download references

Funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.61866004, 61966004, 61962007), the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (Nos.2018GXNSFDA281009, 2019GXNSFDA245018,2018GXNSFDA294001), Research Fund of Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining and Security (No.20-A-03-01), Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education JXXYYJSCXXM-2021-013, and Guangxi “Bagui Scholar” Teams for Innovation and Research Project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining and Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China

    Jing Yang, Canlong Zhang & Zhixin Li

  2. School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China

    Yanping Tang

Authors
  1. Jing Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Canlong Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yanping Tang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhixin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Canlong Zhang.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

Not applicable

Code availability

Not applicable

Ethics approval

This paper strictly abides by the moral standards of this journal.

Consent to participate

All the authors of this paper have reviewed and agreed to contribute to your journal by consensus.

Consent for publication

Once this paper is hired, we agree to publish it in your journal.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yang, J., Zhang, C., Tang, Y. et al. PAFM: pose-drive attention fusion mechanism for occluded person re-identification. Neural Comput & Applic 34, 8241–8252 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-06903-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-06903-4

Keywords