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A survey on sentiment analysis and its applications

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Abstract

Analyzing and understanding the sentiments of social media documents on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram has become a very important task at present. Analyzing the sentiment of these documents gives meaningful knowledge about the user opinions, which will help understand the overall view on these platforms. The problem of sentiment analysis (SA) can be regarded as a classification problem in which the text is classified as positive, negative, or neutral. This paper aims to give an intensive, but not exhaustive, review of the main concepts of SA and the state-of-the-art techniques; other aims are to make a comparative study of their performances, the main applications of SA as well as the limitations and the future directions for SA. Based on our analysis, researchers have utilized three main approaches for SA, namely lexicon/rules, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). The performance of lexicon/rules-based models typically falls within the range of 55–85%. ML models, on the other hand, generally exhibit performance ranging from 55% to 90%, while DL models tend to achieve higher performance, ranging from 70% to 95%. These ranges are estimated and may be higher or lower depending on various factors, including the quality of the datasets, the chosen model architecture, the preprocessing techniques employed, as well as the quality and coverage of the lexicon utilized. Moreover, to further enhance models’ performance, researchers have delved into the implementation of hybrid models and optimization techniques which have demonstrated an ability to enhance the overall performance of SA models.

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Data availability

This study involved the re-analysis of existing data, which is available at locations cited in the reference section. Furthermore, the data generated and analyzed during the current study are available in the Scopus database at https://scopus.com.

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  1. School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, 11800, Malaysia

    Tamara Amjad Al-Qablan, Mohd Halim Mohd Noor & Ahamad Tajudin Khader

  2. Artificial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC), College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates

    Mohammed Azmi Al-Betar

  3. Department of Information Technology, Al-Huson University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Irbid, 50, Jordan

    Mohammed Azmi Al-Betar

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Al-Qablan, T.A., Mohd Noor, M., Al-Betar, M.A. et al. A survey on sentiment analysis and its applications. Neural Comput & Applic 35, 21567–21601 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08941-y

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