Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Comparison review on LIDAR technologies vs. RADAR technologies in speed enforcement system

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Traffic accidents are continuously rising in many countries all over the world. Violation of road safety regulations and traffic laws is one of major reason to this increasing trend. Existing intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to date are accurately enforcing safe municipal speed limits using enforcement technology solutions. The systems for automated traffic enforcement emerged in the last decade. Automated enforcement technologies provide opportunity to remotely capture images of drivers violating laws. RADAR/LIDAR-based tools are used to determine the speed of vehicles. Choosing the right speed detection technology is an area of significant concern for transportation agencies. This paper presents a comparison review of the use of LIDAR technologies vs. RADAR technologies in traffic enforcement systems. The current trend suggests an inclination toward LIDAR technology because of many advantages, particularly its precise identification of violators; especially, this functionality is being required in case of new travel modes (such e-bikes and e-scooty) emerged in urban areas. However, the objectives and available resources of enforcement programs are key factors that may result in growth in relation to demand for both types of technologies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. World Health Organization (2018) Global Status Report on Road Safety 2018. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  2. Changaroth S (2018) How speed camera work, In Torque Features. https://www.torque.com.sg/features/how-speed-cameras-work/

  3. Limsoonthrakul S, Dailey MN, Marikhu R, Timtong V, Chairat A, Suphavilai A, Seetamanotch W, Ekpanyapong M (2021) Design and implementation of a highly scalable, low-cost distributed traffic violation enforcement system in Phuket, Thailand. Sustainability 13:1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tay R (2010) Speed cameras improving safety or raising revenue? JTEP 44:247–257

    Google Scholar 

  5. De Pauw E, Daniels S, Brijs T, Hermans E, Wets G (2014) An evaluation of the traffic safety effect of fixed speed cameras. Saf Sci 62:168–174 [CrossRef]

  6. Caldeira J, Fout A, Kesari A, Sefala R, Walsh J, Dupre K, Khaefi MR, Hodge G, Pramestri ZA, Imtiyazi MA (2019) Improving traffic safety through video analysis in Jakarta, Indonesia. In: In Proceedings of the SAI Intelligent Systems Conference, vol 5–6, London, UK, pp 642–649

  7. Guerrero-Ibáñez J, Zeadally S, Contreras-Castillo J (2018) Sensor technologies for intelligent transportation systems. Sensors 18(4):1212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cheung SY, Coleri S, Dundar B, Ganesh S, Tan CW, Varaiya P (2005) Traffic measurement and vehicle classification with single magnetic sensor. Transp Res Rec 1917:173–181 [CrossRef]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cheevarunothai P, Wang Y, Nihan NL (2006) Identification and correction of dual-loop sensitivity problems. Transp Res Rec 1945:73–81 [CrossRef]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Li H, Dong H, Jia L, Ren M (2014) Vehicle classification with single multi-functional magnetic sensor and optimal MNS-based CART. Measurement 55:142–152 [CrossRef]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Meta S, Cinsdikici MG (2010) Vehicle-classification algorithm based on component analysis for single-loop inductive detector. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 59:2795–2805 [CrossRef]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Tok A, Ritchie SG (2010) Vector classification of commercial vehicles using a high fidelity inductive loop detection system. In: In Proceedings of the 89th Annual Meeting Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, USA, pp 1–22. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/measurement

  13. Craig A (n.d.) Roberts and Jamie Brown-Esplain 2005 technical evaluation of photo speed enforcement for freeways. Report No. ADOT-AZ-05-596

  14. Lee K-H (2021) A study on distance measurement module for driving vehicle velocity estimation in multi-lanes using drones. Appl Sci 2021(11):3884. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11093884

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hu WM, Anne T (2016) Effects of automated speed enforcement in Montgomery County, Maryland, on vehicle speeds, public opinion, and crashes traffic injury prevention (TIP)

  16. SafetyNet (2009) Speed enforcement, retrieved 2021. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/specialist/knowledge/pdf/speed_enforcement.pdf

  17. Ronnie Poole (2016) RADAR / LIDAR course. Commission on law enforcement standard and training

  18. Skolnik, MI (2020) RADAR. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/RADAR. Accessed 19 May 2021

  19. Viion Systems (2020) How automated speed camera works. https://www.viionsystems.com/index.php/es/noticias/how-automated-speed-cameras-work?format=ampViion . Accessed on 25 Sept 2021

  20. Xin W et al (2020) The evolution of LiDAR and its application in high precision measurement, IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 502:012008

  21. Duquet S (2021) LIDAR, RADAR, or camera? Demystifying the ADAS / AD technology mix. LeddarTech https://leddartech.com/zh/LIDAR-RADAR-camera-demystifying-adas-ad-technology-mix/

    Google Scholar 

  22. NHTSA (2013) LIDAR speed-measuring device performance specifications. (Report No. DOT HS 809 811). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  23. Heinzler R, Schindler P, Seekircher J, Ritter W, Stork W (2019) Weather influence and classification with automotive lidar sensors. In: In 2019 IEEE intelligent vehicles symposium (IV). IEEE, pp 1527–1534

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Mimbela LEY, Klein LA (2007) Summary of vehicle detection and surveillance technologies used in intelligent transportation systems. Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Intelligent Transportation Systems Program Office https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/50558

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sawicki DS (2017) Police RADAR information center. Police RADAR Information Center https://copRADAR.com/index.html

    Google Scholar 

  26. StackPath (2006) OFFICER.COM. https://www.officer.com/on-the-street/article/10250592/LIDAR-the-speed-enforcement-weapon-of-choice

  27. Detail ǀ VITRONIC (2015) VITRONIC. https://www.VITRONIC.fr/actualites/detail/article/dubai-replaces-RADAR-634.html

  28. Jones RK, Lacey JH (1997) The effectiveness of laser and RADAR based enforcement programs for deterrence of speeding, report no. DOT 'HS 808 530,. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

    Google Scholar 

  29. MNP LLP (2018) Automated traffic enforcement – program review, summary report, prepared for Alberta transportation, https://www.alberta.ca/assets/documents/trans-ate-program-review.PDF. Accessed online on 25 Sept 2021

  30. Rodier CJ, Shaheen SA, Cavanagh E (2007) Automated speed enforcement in the US: a review of the literature on benefits and barriers to implementation. In: In Transportation Research Board 87 th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC

  31. Shimizu H, Desrochers P (2015) Speed or greed: does automated traffic enforcement improve safety or generate revenue? Frontier Centre for Public Policy https://fcpp.org/wp-content/uploads/PS184-Shimizu-Desrochers-Speed-or-Greed_cf1.pdf. Accessed online on 25 Sept 2021

    Google Scholar 

  32. European Commission (2019) EU Road Safety Policy Framework 2021-2030 - Next steps towards “Vision Zero”. Comission staff working document, Brussels https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/default/files/move-2019-01178-01-00-en-tra-00_3.pdf

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Transportation Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium

    Ansar Yasar, Muhammad Adnan, Wim Ectors & Geert Wets

Authors
  1. Ansar Yasar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhammad Adnan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wim Ectors
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Geert Wets
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ansar Yasar.

Ethics declarations

Competing Interests

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yasar, A., Adnan, M., Ectors, W. et al. Comparison review on LIDAR technologies vs. RADAR technologies in speed enforcement system. Pers Ubiquit Comput 27, 1691–1700 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-023-01736-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-023-01736-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation