Abstract
Shannon’s information quantity I(E) = log(1/P(E)) is defined under an assumption of the existence of a “cognitive subjective entity” capable of judging yes/no or occurred/not-occurred of an event E (which occurs with a probability P(E)). The final acceptor/user of information is a living individual, although first and/or intermediate sender(s) and/or acceptor(s) of information may be either living individual(s) or nonliving element(s) or man-made machine(s). Therefore we can conclude that information is a most essential character of living individuals, and that information and life must have emerged simultaneously as a “minimum cognitive system” (MCS). Since then, living individuals/lives must have evolved as “self-revising learning neural network machines” capable of “active evolution”. How MCS could have emerged was discussed.
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Ohnishi, K. Simultaneous cognitive origin of life and information. Artif Life Robotics 16, 448–454 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-011-0916-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-011-0916-x