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Euler common spatial pattern modulated with cross-frequency coupling

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Abstract

In the field of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), the method of common spatial pattern (CSP) is formulated as a problem of eigen-decomposition of covariance matrices. Each sample value was mapped into a complex space using Euler representation, and the Euler common spatial pattern (e-CSP) approach was developed. Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) represents the interaction between different frequency bands, which can better control the complex brain network than a single frequency band and provides a new idea for research on EEG signals. In this paper, we apply amplitude–amplitude coupling (AAC) to reformulate the covariance matrices in e-CSP; as a result, the AAC-modulated e-CSP is proposed. More discriminative features are discovered with the proposed approach. The proposed method is validated based on the Cho’s dataset. The experimental results illustrate the discrimination ability of the proposed method.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Key Research and Development Plan (Industry Foresight and Common Key Technology) of Jiangsu Province, China under Grant BE2022157, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62176054. The authors would like to appreciate the suggestions of the anonymous reviewers, which improve the paper substantially.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Sun & Haixian Wang

  2. School of Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Jiuchuan Jiang

Authors
  1. Jing Sun
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  2. Haixian Wang
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  3. Jiuchuan Jiang
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JS wrote the manuscript, and collected and analyzed the data. HW and JJ conceived and designed the study. HW reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Haixian Wang or Jiuchuan Jiang.

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Sun, J., Wang, H. & Jiang, J. Euler common spatial pattern modulated with cross-frequency coupling. Knowl Inf Syst 64, 3401–3418 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-022-01750-0

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