Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Adaptive multimedia presentations enabling universal access in technology enhanced situational learning

  • Long Paper
  • Published:
Universal Access in the Information Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Successful situational learning, with continuous media support, requires both sophisticated technological and appropriate psychological concepts to enable learners, independently of age, to easily access continuous media learning objects (CMLO), which must be properly adapted to their actual needs, demands, requirements and previous knowledge. Current technological approaches fail to cover all relevant aspects concurrently. For example, systems providing adequate media management either are insufficiently adaptable and learning management systems lack sufficient support for continuous media. This paper addresses three main issues: (1) an analysis of adaptive situational learning with continuous media, identifying the shortcomings of some current solutions; (2) outline of an integrated approach for adaptive multimedia presentations enabling universal access for situational learning; and (3) a description of the multimedia module repository (MEMORY) system implementing this approach, the basic idea being to define multimedia presentations as dynamic processes, comparable to a computer program.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Adams, R.: Decision and stress: cognition and e-accessibility in the information workplace. Univers. Access Inf. Soc. 5(4), 363–379 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Adams R.: Natural Computing and Interactive System Design. Pearson, London (2005)

  3. Adams, R.: Universal access through client-centred cognitive assessment and personality profiling. In: User-Centered Interaction Paradigms for Universal Access in the Information Society, pp. 3–15. Springer, Berlin (2004)

  4. ADLNET: Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM), 2nd edn. http://www.adlnet.gov/scorm/index.cfm (2004). Accessed 7 Apr 2007

  5. Aguierre-Smith, T.G., Davenport, G.: The stratification system: a design environment for random access videos. In: Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Network and Operation Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, La Jalla, California, USA. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 712, pp. 250–261 (1992)

  6. Anderson, J.R., Corbett, A.T., Koedinger, K.R., Pelletier, R.: Cognitive tutors: Lessons learned. J. Learn. Sci. 4(2), 167–207 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Anderson, J.R., Reder, L.M., Lebiere, C.: Working memory: Activation limitations on retrieval. Cognit. Psychol. 30(3), 221–256 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Baddeley, A.: The concept of working memory: A view of its current state and probable future development. Cognition 10(1–3), 17–23 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Berner, E.S., Adams, B.: Added value of video compared to audio lectures for distance learning. Int. J. Med. Inform. 73(2), 189–193 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Bertsch, T.F., Callas, P.W., Rubin, A., Caputo, M.P., Ricci, M.A.: Effectiveness of lectures attended via interactive video conferencing versus in-person in preparing third-year internal medicine clerkship students for clinical practice examinations (CPX). Teach. Learn. Med. 19(1), 4–8 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Billett, S.: Situated learning: Bridging sociocultural and cognitive theorising. Learn. Instruct. 6(3), 263–280 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Billinghurst, M., Kato, H.: Collaborative augmented reality. Commun. ACM 45(7), 64–70 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Brown, J., Collins, A., Duguid, P.: Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educ. Res. 18(1), 32–42 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Brusilovski, P.: Methods and techniques of adaptive hypermedia. User Model. User Adapt. Instruct. 6(2–3), 87–129 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Bulterman, D.C.A.: SMIL 2.0—Part 2: Examples and comparisons. IEEE Multimed. 9(1), 74–84 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Chavan, A., Pavri, S.: Open-source learning management with Moodle. Linux J. 2004(128), 2 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Clark, R.E.: Media will never influence learning. Educ. Technol. Res. Dev. 42(2), 21–29 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. DCMI Dublin core metadata metadata element set. http://dublincore.org/documents/dces (2001). Accessed 17 Apr 2007

  19. de Vrieze, P., van Bommel, P., van der Weide, T.: Adaptation in multimedia systems. Multimed. Tools Appl. 25, 333–343 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ebner, M., Holzinger, A.: Lurking: An underestimated human–computer phenomenon. IEEE MultiMed. 12(4), 70–75 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Edutools: Decision making tools for the E-D-U community. http://www.edutools.info (2006). Accessed 19 Apr 2007

  22. EU: e-Europe: Towards an information society for all. http://www.e-europestandards.org/Docs/eeurope_initiative.pdf (2000). Accessed 4 May 2007

  23. Farance, F., Tonkel, J.: LTSA specification—learning technology systems architecture (draft 9). http://www.edutool.com/ltsa (2001). Accessed 20 Apr 2007

  24. Garrett, R.E.: Product review of WebCT Vista. Internet Higher Educ. 7(2), 165–168 (2004)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Godden, D.R., Baddeley, A.D.: Context dependent memory in two natural environments: On land and underwater. Br. J. Psychol. 66(3), 325–331 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Harrer, A., Martens, A.: Adaptivität in eLearning Standards—ein vernachlässigtes Thema? In: DeLFi 2004: Die 2. e-Learning Fachtagung der e-Learning Fachgruppe der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), pp. 163–174. Paderborn, GI, Gesellschaft für Informatik (2004)

  27. Hartley, R.: On-line collaborative learning environments. Educ. Technol. Soc. 3(3) (2000)

  28. Hermant, C, Alves, M., Apflauer, R., Baak, P., Barthel, G., Brandao, I., Ciba, K., De Craemer, J.E.G., Holzinger, A., Jethwa, P., Jokinen, J., Kelly, F., Lanners, M., Marucci, G., Matzakos, P., Nolan, F., Nydahl, L., Olesen, D., Quintana-Alonso, A., Regnier, C., Schampel, U., Vogel, A.: Implementation of Education and Training 2010 Work Programme. White Paper of the Working Group “ICT in Education and Training”. European Commission, Directorate General for Education and Culture, Brussels. http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/2010/doc/it-technologies_en.pdf (2003)

  29. Holzinger, A., Kickmeier-Rust, M., Albert, D.: Dynamic media in computer science education; content complexity and learning performance: Is less more? Educ. Technol. Soc., 8, 1 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Holzinger, A.: Experiences with user centered development (UCD) for the front end of the virtual medical campus Graz. In: Jacko J.A., Stephanidis C. (eds.) Human–Computer Interaction, Theory and Practice, pp. 123–127. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Holzinger, A.: Multimedia basics, vol. 2: Learning. Cognitive fundamentals of multimedial information systems. http://www.basiswissen-multimedia.at. Laxmi, New Delhi (2002)

  32. Holzinger, A.: Usability engineering for software developers. Commun. ACM 48(1), 71–74 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Holzinger, A., Geierhofer, R., Errath, M.: Semantische Informationsextraktion in medizinischen Informationssystemen. Inform. Spektrum 30(2), 69–78 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Holzinger, A., Kainz, A., Gell, G., Brunold, M., Maurer, H.: Interactive computer assisted formulation of retrieval requests for a medical information system using an intelligent tutoring system. In: Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2000, pp. 431–436. AACE, Charlottesville (2000)

  35. Holzinger, A., Kleinberger, T., Müller, P.: Multimedia learning systems based on IEEE learning object metadata (LOM). In: ED-Media World Conference on Educational Multimedia. Hypermedia and Telecommunications, Tampere, Finland, pp. 772–777. AACE, Charlottesville (2001)

  36. Holzinger, A., Motschnik-Pitrik R.: Considering the human in multimedia: Learner-Centered Design (LCD) and Person-Centered e-Learning (PCeL). In: Mittermeir, R.T. (eds.) Innovative Concepts for Teaching Informatics, pp. 102–112. Carl Ueberreuter, Vienna (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Holzinger, A., Nischelwitzer, A. Meisenberger, M.: Lifelong-learning support by M-learning: Example scenarios. ACM eLearn Magazine 5 (2005)

  38. Holzinger, A., Nischelwitzer, A.K., Kickmeier-Rust, M.D.: Pervasive e-Education supports life long learning: Some examples of X-Media learning objects. http://www.wccee2006.org/papers/445.pdf (2006). Accessed 20 Apr 2007

  39. Holzinger, A., Pichler, A., Maurer, H.: Multi media e-Learning software TRIANGLE case-study: Experimental results and lessons learned. J. Univers. Sci. Technol. Learn. 0(0), 61–92 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Hu, J., Feijs, L.: IPML: Extending SMIL for distributed multimedia presentations. In: Interactive Technologies and Sociotechnical Systems, pp. 60–70. Springer, Berlin (2006)

  41. Hung, D., Tan, S.C., Cheung, W.S., Hu, C.: Supporting problem solving with case-stories learning scenario and video-based collaborative learning technology. Educ. Technol. Soc. 7(2), 120–128 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  42. IEEE : LTSC LOM, Working Group 1484.12: Learning object metadata. http://ltsc.ieee.org/wg12 (2002). Accessed 18 Apr 2007

  43. IMS-Global-Learning-Consortium I: Instructional managing system (IMS). http://www.imsproject.org (2000). Accessed 15 Apr 2007

  44. Issing, L.J., Klimsa, P. (eds.): Information und Lernen mit Multimedia und Internet. 3. Auflage. Beltz PVU, Weinheim (2002)

  45. Izquierdo, E., Djordjevic, D.: Using relevance feedback to bridge the semantic gap. In: Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval: User, Context, and Feedback, pp. 19–34. Springer, Berlin (2006)

  46. Jaimes, A., Christel, M., Gilles, S.B., Sarukkai, R., Ma, W-Y.: Multimedia information retrieval: what is it, and why isn’t anyone using it? In: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGMM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval, Hilton, Singapore, pp. 3–8. ACM Press, New York (2005)

  47. Kirshner, D., Whitson, J.A. (eds.): Situated cognition: Social, semiotic, and psychological perspectives. Erlbaum, Mahwah (1997)

  48. Kleinberger, T., Müller, P.: Content management for web based education. In: Webnet 2000 Conference on the WWW and Internet, San Antonio, Texas, USA, pp. 329–334 (2000)

  49. Kosch, H., Boszormenyi, L., Doller, M., Libsie, M., Schojer, P., Kofler, A.: The life cycle of multimedia metadata. Multimed. IEEE 12(1), 80–86 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. L3 : L3: Lebenslanges Lernen - Weiterbildung als Grundbedürfnis. http://www.l-3.de (1999). Accessed 18 Apr 2007

  51. Lagoze, C.: The warwick framework: A container architecture for diverse sets of metadata. D-Lib Magazine 4 (1996)

  52. Langdon, P, Adams, R., Clarkson, P.J.: Universal access to assistive technology through client-centred cognitive assessment. In: Universal Access: Theoretical Perspectives, Practice, and Experience, pp. 153–164. Springer, Berlin (2003)

  53. Lauer, T., Müller, R., Trahasch, S.: Learning with lecture recordings: key issues for end-users. In: IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT’04), pp 741–743. Joensuu, Finland (2004)

  54. Leutner, D.: Adaptivität und Adaptierbarkeit multimedialer Lehr- und Informationssysteme. In: Issing, L., Klimsa, P. (Hrsg.): Information und Lernen mit Multimedia, 2. Auflage, Beltz Psychologie-Verlags-Union, pp. S. 139–150. Weinheim, Basel (1997)

  55. Lew, M.S., Sebe, N., Djeraba, C., Jain, R.: Content-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges. ACM Trans. Multimed. Comput. Commun. Appl. 2(1), 1–19 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Liu, J., Yuen, P.C., Li, C.-H., Ng, J., Ishida, T. (eds.): Active media technology. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Computer Science Conference, AMT 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2252. Springer, Berlin (2001)

  57. Lopez-Jaquero, V., Montero, F., Molina, J.P., Gonzalez, P., Fernandez-Caballero, A.: A seamless development process of adaptive user interfaces explicitly based on usability properties. In: Engineering Human Computer Interaction and Interactive Systems, pp. 289–291. Springer, Berlin (2005)

  58. Martínez, J.M.: MPEG-7 overview. http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-7/mpeg-7.htm (2004). Accessed 20 Apr 2007

  59. Mauthe, A., Thomas, P.: Professional content management systems: Handling digital media assets. Wiley, New York (2004)

  60. Mostefaoui, A.: A modular and adaptive framework for large scale video indexing and content-based retrieval: the SIRSALE system. Softw. Pract. Exp. 36(8), 871–890 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Motschnig-Pitrik, R., Holzinger, A.: Student-centered teaching meets new media: Concept and case study. IEEE J. Educ. Technol. Soc. 5(4), 160–172 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  62. MPEG-4: Overview of the MPEG-4 standard. http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-4/mpeg-4.htm (2002). Accessed 17 Mar 2007

  63. Nack, F., Lindsay, A.T.: Everything you wanted to know about MPEG-7 (Part 1). In: IEEE Multimedia, July–September 1999

  64. Nack, F., Lindsay, A.T.: Everything you wanted to know about MPEG-7 (Part 2). In: IEEE Multimedia, October–December 1999

  65. Oppermann, R., Rashev, R., Kinshuk.: Adaptability and adaptivity in learning systems. In: Behrooz, A. (ed.) Knowledge Transfer, vol. II, pp. 173–179. pAce, London (1997)

  66. Papanikolaou, K.A., Grigoriadou, M., Magoulas, G.D., Kornilakis, H.: Towards new forms of knowledge communication: the adaptive dimension of a web-based learning environment. Comput. Educ. 39(4), 333–360 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Papert, S., Harel, I.: Constructionism. Ablex Publishing, Norwood (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  68. Regelwerk-Fernsehen: Regelwerk Fernsehen - Richtlinien für die Formalbeschreibung, Inhaltserschließung und Feststellung der Archivwürdigkeit von Fernsehproduktionen. http://www.dratest2.de/ap/ard_fs/deTyp/rwfs_00.html (2001). Accessed 26 Apr 2007

  69. Rößling, G., Trompler, C., Mühlhäuser, M., Köbler, S., Wolf, S.: Enhancing classroom lectures with digital sliding blackboards. In: Proceedings of the 9th annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE 2004), Leads, UK, pp. 218–222 (2004)

  70. Rumetshofer, H., Woss, W.: XML-based adaptation framework for psychological-driven E-learning. Educ. Technol. Soc. 6(4), 18–29 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  71. Salomon, G.: Television is “easy” and print is “tough”. J. Educ. Psychol. 76, 647–658 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Savidis, A., Stephanidis, C.: Inclusive development: Software engineering requirements for universally accessible interactions. Interact. Comput. 18(1), 71–116 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Schank, R.C.: Active learning through multimedia. IEEE Multimed. 1(1), 69–78 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Sharda, N.K., Hanumanula, A.K.: Streaming audio and video in web-based learning: A comparative study of three systems. In: Advances in Web-Based Learning - Icwl 2003, Proceedings, pp. 206–217. Springer, Berlin (2003)

  75. Shaw M.: Beyond objects: A software design paradigm based on process control. ACM Press, New York (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  76. Shephard, K.: Questioning, promoting and evaluating, the use of streaming video to support student learning. Br. J. Educ. Technol. 34(3), 295–308 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Sims, R.: Interactivity: A forgotten art? Comput. Hum. Behav. 13(2), 157–180 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  78. Skinner, B.F.: The science of learning and the art of teaching. Harv. Educ. Rev. 24(2), 86–97 (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  79. SMEF : The standard media exchange framework SMEF. http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/smef/ (2000). Accessed 12 Apr 2007

  80. Spiro, R.J., Feltovich, P.J., Jacobson, M.J., Coulson, R.L.: Knowledge representation, content specification, and the development of skill in situation-specific knowledge assembly: Some constructvist issues as they relate to cognitive flexibility theory and hypertext. Educ. Technol. 31(9), 22–25 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  81. Stephanidis, C.: Adaptive techniques for universal access. User Model. User Adapt. Interact. 11(1–2), 159–179 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  82. Stephanidis, C., Savidis, A.: Universal access in the information society: Methods, tools and interaction technologies. Univ. Access Inf. Soc. 1(1), 40–55 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  83. TechSmith : Camtasia. http://www.camtasia.com (2006). Accessed 25 Apr 2007

  84. Tobagi, F.A.: Distance learning with digital video. IEEE Multimed. 2(1), 90–93 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. VIROR: Virtuelle Hochschule Oberrhein. http://www.viror.de. Accessed 19 Apr 2007

  86. Vygotsky, L.S.: Mind in Society. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  87. Yip, M.C.W.: Using WebCT to teach courses online. Br. J. Educ. Technol. 35(4), 497–501 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Zhang, D.S., Zhou, L.N., Briggs, R.O., Nunamaker, J.F.: Instructional video in e-learning: Assessing the impact of interactive video on learning effectiveness. Inf. Manage. 43(1), 15–27 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Oracle Text. http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/text/index.html. Accessed 9 Mar 2008

  90. Convera Retrieval Ware. http://www.convera.com/. Accessed 9 Mar 2008

  91. Microsoft Indexing Service. http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms689718.aspx. Accessed 9 Mar 2008

  92. Apache Lucene. http://lucene.apache.org/java/docs/. Accessed 9 Mar 2008

  93. Media archive, Blue Order AG, Kaiserslautern, Germany. http://www.blue-order.com. Accessed 9 Mar 2008

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Experimentelles Software Engineering, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft e.V., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Thomas Kleinberger

  2. Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation (IMI), Research Unit HCI4MED, Medical University Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria

    Andreas Holzinger

  3. AG Integrated Communication Systems, Technical University Kaiserslautern, 67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Paul Müller

Authors
  1. Thomas Kleinberger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andreas Holzinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Paul Müller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas Kleinberger.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kleinberger, T., Holzinger, A. & Müller, P. Adaptive multimedia presentations enabling universal access in technology enhanced situational learning. Univ Access Inf Soc 7, 223–245 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-008-0122-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-008-0122-3

Keywords