Abstract
Coordinating economic load demand response (ELDR) strategy with energy efficiency and information technology (IT) of e-business management multiplies the reduction in electricity usage. The steady-state power signatures (PS) contain plenty of information needed for detecting state transition and aging of loads. On the other hand, adopting the values of PS directly has the drawbacks of taking a longer time and much memory for the datasets of energy management information system (EMIS). To effectively reduce the number of PS representing load state transition and aging signals, a feature extraction technique of the PS in the EMIS, Hellinger distance, is proposed in this paper. The high success rates of identifying state transition and aging of loads from the back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) have been proved via experiments to be feasible in load operations of EMIS applications.











Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aman S, Simmhan Y, Prasanna VK (2013) Energy management systems: state of the art and emerging trends. IEEE Commun Mag 51(1):114–119
Bernstein BS, Brancato EL (1993) Aging of equipment in the electric utilities. IEEE Trans Electr Insul 28(5):866–875
Byun J, Hong I, Kang B, Park S (2011) A smart energy distribution and management system for renewable energy distribution and context-aware services based on user patterns and load forecasting. IEEE Trans Consum Electron 57(2):436–444
Chan SC, Tsui KM, Wu HC, Hou Y, Wu YC, Wu FF (2012) Load price forecasting and managing demand response for smart grids: methodologies and challenges. IEEE Signal Process Mag 29(5):68–85
Chang HH (2012) Non-intrusive demand monitoring and load identification for energy management systems based on transient feature analyses. Energies 5(11):4569–4589
Chao KM, Shah N, Farmer R, Matei A (2012) Energy management system for domestic electrical appliances. Int J Appl Logist 3(4):48–60
Goumas SK, Zervakis ME, Stavrakakis GS (2002) Classification of washing machines vibration signals using discrete wavelet analysis for feature extraction. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 51(3):497–508
Hellinger E (1909) Neue begründung der theorie quadratischer formen von unendlichvielen veränderlichen. Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (in German) 136:210–271
Hernandez L, Baladron C, Lioret J, Chinarro D, Gomez-Sanz JJ, Cook D (2013) A multi-agent system architecture for smart grid management and forecasting of energy demand in virtual power plants. IEEE Commun Mag 51(1):106–113
Hong YY, Chen BY (2007) Locating switched capacitor using wavelet transform and hybrid principal component analysis network. IEEE Trans Power Del 22(2):1145–1152
Hooke JH, Landry BJ, Hart DMA (2004) Energy management information systems: achieving improved energy efficiency: a handbook for managers, engineers and operational staff. Office of Energy Efficiency of Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa
Hou Z, Lian Z, Yao Y, Yuan X (2006) Data mining based sensor fault diagnosis and validation for building air conditioning system. Energy Convers Manag 47:2479–2490
Huber N, Hoorn AV, Koziolek A, Brosig F, Kounev S (2014) Modeling run-time adaptation at the system architecture level in dynamic service-oriented environments. SOCA 8(3):73–89
Huergo RS, Pires PF, Delicato FC, Costa B, Cavalcante E, Batista T (2014) A systematic survey of service identification methods. SOCA 8(3):199–219
Lall P, Hande M, Bhat C, Lee J (2011) Prognostics health monitoring (PHM) for prior damage assessment in electronics equipment under thermo-mechanical loads. IEEE Trans Compon Packaging Manuf Technol 1(11):1774–1789
Lisovich MA, Mulligan DK, Wicker SB (2010) Inferring personal information from demand-response systems. IEEE Secur Priv 8(1):11–20
Nikulin MS (2001) Hellinger distance, Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Hazewinkel, Michiel, Springer. http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Hellinger_distance&oldid=16453
Norford LK, Leeb SB (1996) Non-intrusive electrical load monitoring in commercial buildings based on steady-state and transient load-detection algorithms. Energy Build 24(1):51–64
Redpath S, Pocs J (2007) Safety regulations and their impact on microcontrollers in home appliances. In: Paper presented at IEEE IAS annual meeting (IAS 2007), New Orleans, pp 1044–1046
Silva DD, Yu X, Alahakoon D, Holmes G (2011) A data mining framework for electricity consumption analysis from meter data. IEEE Trans Indus Inform 7(3):399–407
Su CL (2011) Load estimation in industrial power systems for expansion planning. IEEE Trans Indus Appl 47(6):2311–2323
Timbus A, Larsson M, Yuen C (2009) Active management of distributed energy resources using standardized communications and modern information technologies. IEEE Trans Indus Electron 56(10):4029–4037
Verdu SV, Garcia MO, Senabre C, Gabaldon A, Garcia Franco FJ (2006) Classification, filtering, and identification of electrical customer load patterns through the use of self-organizing maps. IEEE Trans Power Syst 21(4):1672–1682
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research under Contract No. NSC 102-2221-E-228-002.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chang, HH., Lin, CL. A novel information technology of load events detection for the energy management information systems. Inf Syst E-Bus Manage 13, 289–308 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-014-0261-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-014-0261-4