Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Simultaneous optimization of artificial neural networks for financial forecasting

  • Published:
Applied Intelligence Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been popularly applied for stock market prediction, since they offer superlative learning ability. However, they often result in inconsistent and unpredictable performance in the prediction of noisy financial data due to the problems of determining factors involved in design. Prior studies have suggested genetic algorithm (GA) to mitigate the problems, but most of them are designed to optimize only one or two architectural factors of ANN. With this background, the paper presents a global optimization approach of ANN to predict the stock price index. In this study, GA optimizes multiple architectural factors and feature transformations of ANN to relieve the limitations of the conventional backpropagation algorithm synergistically. Experiments show our proposed model outperforms conventional approaches in the prediction of the stock price index.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Achelis SB (1995) Technical analysis from A to Z. Probus Publishing, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adeli H, Hung S (1995) Machine learning: neural networks, genetic algorithms, and fuzzy systems. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Bala J, Huang J, Vafaie H, DeJong K, Wechsler H (1995) Hybrid learning using genetic algorithms and decision trees for pattern classification. In: Proc of the int jnt conf on artificial intelligence, pp 19–25

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bauer RJ (1994) Genetic algorithms and investment strategies. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chang J, Jung Y, Yeon K, Jun J, Shin D, Kim H (1996) Technical indicators and analysis methods. Jinritamgu Publishing, Seoul

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chen AS, Leung MT, Daouk H (2003) Application of neural networks to an emerging financial market: forecasting and trading the Taiwan Stock Index. Comput Oper Res 30(6):901–923

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Choi J (1995) Technical indicators. Jinritamgu Publishing, Seoul

    Google Scholar 

  8. Coakley JR, Brown CE (2000) Artificial neural networks in accounting and finance: modeling issues. Int J Intell Syst Account Finance Manag 9(2):119–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cooper DR, Emory CW (1995) Business research methods. Irwin, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dash M, Liu H (1997) Feature selection methods for classifications. Intell Data Anal 1(3):131–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Davis L (1994) Handbook of genetic algorithms. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dorsey R, Sexton R (1998) The use of parsimonious neural networks for forecasting financial time series. J Comput Intell Finance 6(1):24–31

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dougherty J, Kohavi R, Sahami M (1995) Supervised and unsupervised discretization of continuous features. In: Proc of the 12th int conf on machine learning, San Francisco, pp 194–202

    Google Scholar 

  14. Durand N, Alliot J, Medioni F (2000) Neural nets trained by genetic algorithms for collision avoidance. Appl Intell 13:205–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fayyad UM, Irani KB (1993) Multi-interval discretization of continuous-valued attributes for classification learning. In: Proc of the 13th int jnt conf on artificial intelligence, pp 1022–1027

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gifford E (1995) Investor’s guide to technical analysis: predicting price action in the markets. Pitman, London

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gupta JND, Sexton RS (1999) Comparing backpropagation with a genetic algorithm for neural network training. Omega-Int J Manage Sci 27(6):679–684

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hansen JV (1998) Comparative performance of backpropagation networks designed by genetic algorithms and heuristics. Int J Intell Syst Account Finance Manag 7(2):69–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hansen JV, Nelson RD (2003) Forecasting and recombining time-series components by using neural networks. J Oper Res Soc 54(3):307–317

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Henderson CE, Potter WD, McClendon RW, Hoogenboom G (2000) Predicting aflatoxin contamination in peanuts: a genetic algorithm/neural network approach. Appl Intell 12:183–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ignizio JP, Soltys R (1996) Simultaneous design and training of ontogenic neural network classifiers. Comput Oper Res 23(6):535–546

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Kaikhah K, Garlick R (2000) Variable hidden layer sizing in Elman recurrent neuro-evolution. Appl Intell 12:193–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kim K, Han I (2000) Genetic algorithms approach to feature discretization in artificial neural networks for the prediction of stock price index. Expert Syst Appl 19(2):125–132

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Lacerda E, Carvalho ACPLF, Braga AP, Ludermir TB (2005) Evolutionary radial basis functions for credit assessment. Appl Intell 22:167–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Leung FHF, Lam HK, Ling SH, Tam PKS (2003) Tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 14(1):79–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Liu H, Motoda H (1998) Feature transformation and subset selection. IEEE Intell Syst Their Appl 13(2):26–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Liu H, Setiono R (1996) Dimensionality reduction via discretization. Knowl-Based Syst 9(1):67–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Maniezzo V (1994) Genetic evolution of the topology and weight distribution of neural networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 5(1):39–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Martens J, Wets G, Vanthienen J, Mues C (1998) An initial comparison of a fuzzy neural classifier and a decision tree based classifier. Expert Syst Appl 15(3-4):375–381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Masters T (1993) Practical neural network recipes in C++. Academic Press, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  31. McNelis PD (2005) Neural networks in finance: gaining predictive edge in the market. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  32. Montana D, Davis L (1989) Training feedforward neural networks using genetic algorithms. In: Proc of the 11th int jnt conf on artificial intelligence, Detroit, pp 762–767

    Google Scholar 

  33. Murphy JJ (1986) Technical analysis of the futures markets: a comprehensive guide to trading methods and applications. Prentice-Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ornes C, Sklanski J (1997) A neural network that explains as well as predicts financial market behavior. In: Proc of the IEEE/IAFE, pp 43–49

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pujol JCF, Poli R (1998) Evolving the topology and the weights of neural networks using a dual representation. Appl Intell 8:73–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Rumelhart DE, McClelland JL (1986) Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol 1. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  37. Salcedo-Sanz S, Bousono-Calzon C (2005) A hybrid neural-genetic algorithm for the frequency assignment problem in satellite communications. Appl Intell 22:207–217

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Scott PD, Williams KM, Ho KM (1997) Forming categories in exploratory data analysis and data mining. In: Liu X, Cohen P Berthold M (eds) Advances in intelligent data analysis. Springer, Berlin, pp 235–246

    Google Scholar 

  39. Sexton RS (1998) Identifying irrelevant input variables in chaotic time series problems: using genetic algorithm for training neural networks. J Comput Intell Finance 6(5):34–41

    Google Scholar 

  40. Sexton RS, Alidaee B, RE Dorsey, Johnson JD (1998) Global optimization for artificial neural networks: a tabu search application. Eur J Oper Res 106(2–3):570–584

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Sexton RS, RE Dorsey, Johnson JD (1998) Toward global optimization of neural networks: a comparison of the genetic algorithm and backpropagation. Decis Support Syst 22(2):171–185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Sexton RS, Dorsey RE, Johnson JD (1999) Optimization of neural networks: a comparative analysis of the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing. Eur J Oper Res 114(3):589–601

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  43. Sexton RS, McMurtrey S, Michalopoulos JO, AM Smith (2005) Employee turnover: a neural network solution. Comput Oper Res 32(10):2635–2651

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  44. Sexton RS, Sriram RS, Etheridge H (2003) Improving decision effectiveness of artificial neural networks: a modified genetic algorithm approach. Decis Sci 34(3):421–442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Shang Y, Wah BW (1996) Global optimization for neural network training. Computer 29(3):45–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Shin TS, Han I (2000) Optimal signal multi-resolution by genetic algorithms to support artificial neural networks for exchange-rate forecasting. Expert Syst Appl 18(4):257–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Shin KS, Lee YJ (2002) A genetic algorithm application in bankruptcy prediction modeling. Expert Syst Appl 23(3):321–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Shin K, Shin, T, Han I (1998) Neuro-genetic approach for bankruptcy prediction: a comparison to back-propagation algorithms. In: Proc of the int conf of the Korea society of management information systems 1998, Seoul, South Korea, pp 585–597

    Google Scholar 

  49. Slowinski R, Zopounidis C (1995) Application of the rough set approach to evaluation of bankruptcy risk. Int J Intell Syst Account Finance Manag 4:27–41

    Google Scholar 

  50. Susmaga R (1997) Analyzing discretizations of continuous attributes given a monotonic discrimination function. Intell Data Anal 1(3):157–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Ting KA (1997) Discretization in lazy learning algorithms. Artif Intell Rev 11(1–5):157–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Vafaie H, DeJong K (1998) Feature space transformation using genetic algorithms. IEEE Intell Syst Their Appl 13(2):57–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Valova I, Milano G, Bowen K, Gueorguieva N (2010) Bridging the fuzzy, neural and evolutionary paradigms for automatic target recognition. Appl Intell Online First

  54. Vellido A, Lisboa PJG, Vaughan J (1999) Neural networks in business: a survey of applications. Expert Syst Appl 17(1):51–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Wallet BC, Marchette DJ, Solka JL, Wegman EJ (1996) A genetic algorithm for best subset selection in linear regression. In: Proc of the 28th symp on the interface of computing science and statistics, pp 545–550

    Google Scholar 

  56. Wang T, Qin Z, Jin Z, Zhang S (2010) Handling over-fitting in test cost-sensitive decision tree learning by feature selection, smoothing and pruning. J Syst Softw 83(7):1137–1147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Williamson AG (1995) Refining a neural network credit application vetting system with a genetic algorithm. J Microcomput Appl 18(3):261–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Wong F, Tan C (1994) Hybrid neural, genetic and fuzzy systems. In: Deboeck GJ (ed) Trading on the edge. Wiley, New York, pp 245–247

    Google Scholar 

  59. Yang J, Honavar V (1998) Feature subset selection using a genetic algorithm. IEEE Intell Syst Their Appl 13(2):44–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Yao X, Liu Y (1997) A new evolutionary system for evolving artificial neural networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 8(3):694–713

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  61. Zhang S (2010) Shell-neighbor method and its application in missing data imputation. Appl Intell. doi:10.1007/s10489-009-0207-6

    Google Scholar 

  62. Zhao Q, Higuchi T (1996) Efficient learning of NN-MLP based on individual evolutionary algorithm. Neurocomputing 13(2–4):201–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Kyoung-jae Kim or Hyunchul Ahn.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kim, Kj., Ahn, H. Simultaneous optimization of artificial neural networks for financial forecasting. Appl Intell 36, 887–898 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-011-0303-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-011-0303-2

Keywords

Navigation