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1-D multi-channel CNN with transfer functions for inverse electromagnetic behaviors modeling and design optimization of high-dimensional filters

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Abstract

As an essential passive component in modern wireless communication systems, the design of high-frequency filters has become increasingly crucial. To achieve the target behavior specifications, traditional design methods are constrained by designers’ expertise or reliant on repetitive frequency sweeps using commercial software. Such processes suffer from low efficiency, limited applicability, and high computational costs. Artificial neural network-based modeling has become an important tool for designing devices. To realize accurate and fast electromagnetic modeling and design of passive components, this work proposes an inverse model integrating transfer functions and one-dimensional multi-channel convolutional neural networks (TF-1DMC-CNN). This model introduces transfer functions to ensure precise representation of electromagnetic responses while addressing the challenge of input dimensionality in wideband modeling. Input dimensions are reduced from 161 to 20 and 221 to 20 for two examples. The 1DMC-CNN processes distinct TF coefficients in each channel and extracts features in parallel. The geometrical parameters can be directly predicted in a single feedforward pass through the trained inverse model without needing iterative optimization. Compared to other inverse neural networks, the proposed model achieves the smallest testing errors. It obtains better model accuracy with fewer training samples, reducing data generation time. Compared to the traditional EM optimization method, this approach reduces CPU time for optimizations, enabling predictions of geometric structures that meet different design indexes. For multi-objective optimization, the proposed model predicts the structure within 0.16 seconds.

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Data availability and access

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61927804.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, Beijing, China

    Yimin Ren, Xiaojiao Deng, Zhengyang You & Xiaoping Zheng

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  1. Yimin Ren
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  2. Xiaojiao Deng
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  3. Zhengyang You
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  4. Xiaoping Zheng
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Yimin Ren, Xiaoping Zheng; Methodology: Yimin Ren, Zhengyang You; Formal analysis and investigation: Yimin Ren, Zhengyang You; Writing - original draft preparation: Yimin Ren; Writing - review and editing: Xiaojiao Deng, Xiaoping Zheng; Funding acquisition: Xiaoping Zheng; Supervision: Xiaoping Zheng. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaoping Zheng.

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This paper does not use any third-party dataset. The datasets generated in this study does not involve research on humans or animals. The datasets generated in this study meets the requirements for accessibility.

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Ren, Y., Deng, X., You, Z. et al. 1-D multi-channel CNN with transfer functions for inverse electromagnetic behaviors modeling and design optimization of high-dimensional filters. Appl Intell 54, 503–521 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-05200-4

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