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TPBFS: two populations based feature selection method for medical data

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Abstract

The high-dimensional nature of medical data frequently results in suboptimal performance of machine learning models. Applying feature selection before classification is necessary to improve the performance of classifiers. Although evolutionary-based wrapper feature selection methods are acknowledged for their superior performance in exploring optimal feature subsets, they have been demonstrated to carry the risk of overfitting and a potential loss of efficient search capability in the later stages of evolution. To address these issues, we propose a generalized wrapper feature selection method called Two Populations Based Feature Selection (TPBFS), which incorporates dual populations evolving in reverse directions to improve convergence speed. It introduces a probability-based crossover operation to mitigate overfitting and a record list to systematically track and replace optimal individuals, which helps to avoid getting stuck in local optima during later stages of evaluation. The experimental results demonstrate that TPBFS is effective in reducing the dimensionality of various medical datasets while guaranteeing the performance of classifiers.

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Data availability

The dataset utilized in this study is sourced from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The data is readily accessible and can be obtained from https://archive.ics.uci.edu/.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant 82374559, the Sichuan Science and Technology Program under grants 2023YFSY0027 and 2023YFS0325, the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan under grants 2022NSFSC0958 and 2024NSFSC0717, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under grants ZYGX2021YGLH012 and ZYGX2021J020, the Ningbo Major Research and Development Plan Project under grant 20241ZDYF020354, and the Committee of Cadre Health of Sichuan Province under grant 2023-220.

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  1. Haodi Quan and Yun Zhang have been contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Knowledge and Data Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China

    Haodi Quan, Yun Zhang, Qiaoqin Li & Yongguo Liu

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Contributions

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Haodi Quan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Writing- original draft. Yun Zhang: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing—review & editing. Qiaoqin Li: Validation, Supervision. Yongguo Liu: Validation, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Yongguo Liu.

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Quan, H., Zhang, Y., Li, Q. et al. TPBFS: two populations based feature selection method for medical data. Cluster Comput 27, 11553–11568 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-024-04557-6

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