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Co-design of mini games for learning computational thinking in an online environment

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Abstract

Understanding the principles of computational thinking (CT), e.g., problem abstraction, decomposition, and recursion, is vital for computer science (CS) students. Unfortunately, these concepts can be difficult for novice students to understand. One way students can develop CT skills is to involve them in the design of an application to teach CT. This study focuses on co-designing mini games to support teaching and learning CT principles and concepts in an online environment. Online co-design (OCD) of mini games enhances students’ understanding of problem-solving through a rigorous process of designing contextual educational games to aid their own learning. Given the current COVID-19 pandemic, where face-to-face co-designing between researchers and stakeholders could be difficult, OCD is a suitable option. CS students in a Nigerian higher education institution were recruited to co-design mini games with researchers. Mixed research methods comprising qualitative and quantitative strategies were employed in this study. Findings show that the participants gained relevant knowledge, for example, how to (i) create game scenarios and game elements related to CT, (ii) connect contextual storyline to mini games, (iii) collaborate in a group to create contextual low-fidelity mini game prototypes, and (iv) peer review each other’s mini game concepts. In addition, students were motivated toward designing educational mini games in their future studies. This study also demonstrates how to conduct OCD with students, presents lesson learned, and provides recommendations based on the authors’ experience.

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Notes

  1. https://zoom.us/

  2. https://www.whatsapp.com/?lang=en

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Funding

This work was partly supported by the New Faculty Research Fund of Ajou University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FIN-80101, Joensuu, Finland

    Friday Joseph Agbo & Jarkko Suhonen

  2. Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-93177, Skellefteå, Sweden

    Solomon Sunday Oyelere

  3. Department of Digital Media, Ajou University, 16499, Suwon, Republic of Korea

    Teemu H. Laine

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Appendix

Appendix

figure a

Screenshot of a VR-based Mount Patti Treasure Hunt mini game co-designed by the students. Left, the climbing progress made by the player and a falling stone that could crush the player. Right, a puzzle the player must solve to avoid being crushed by the falling stone and progress to the top of the mountain.

figure b

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Agbo, F.J., Oyelere, S.S., Suhonen, J. et al. Co-design of mini games for learning computational thinking in an online environment. Educ Inf Technol 26, 5815–5849 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10515-1

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