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A Parallel Conditional Random Fields Model Based on Spark Computing Environment

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Abstract

As one of the famous probabilistic graph models in machine learning, the conditional random fields (CRFs) can merge different types of features, and encode known relationships between observations and construct consistent interpretations, which have been widely applied in many areas of the Natural Language Processing (NLP). With the high-speed development of the internet and information systems, some performance issues are certain to arise when the traditional CRFs deals with such massive data. This paper proposes SCRFs, which is a parallel optimization of CRFs based on the Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDD) in the Spark computing framework. SCRFs optimizes the traditional CRFs from these stages: First, with all features are generated in parallel, the intermediate data which will be used frequently are all cached into the memory to speed up the iteration efficiency. By removing the low-frequency features of the model, SCRFs can also prevent the overfitting of the model to improve the prediction effect. Second, some specific features are dynamically added in parallel to correct the model in the training process. And for implementing the efficient prediction, a max-sum algorithm is proposed to infer the most likely state sequence by extending the belief propagation algorithm. Finally, we implement SCRFs base on the version of Spark 1.6.0, and evaluate its performance using two widely used benchmarks: Named Entity Recognition and Chinese Word Segmentation. Compared with the traditional CRFs models running on the Hadoop and Spark platforms respectively, the experimental results illustrate that SCRFs has obvious advantages in terms of the model accuracy and the iteration performance.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61572176) and National High-tech R&D Program of China (2015AA015305).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China

    Zhuo Tang, Zhongming Fu, Zherong Gong & Kenli Li

  2. Department of Computer Science, State University of New York, New Paltz, New York, 12561, USA

    Keqin Li

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Correspondence to Zhuo Tang.

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Tang, Z., Fu, Z., Gong, Z. et al. A Parallel Conditional Random Fields Model Based on Spark Computing Environment. J Grid Computing 15, 323–342 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10723-017-9404-4

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