Abstract
In this paper, an improved ant-based on-demand energy route (AOER) protocol for IEEE 802.15.4 mesh networks is presented. The information of network status is obtained by Forward_Ant and stored in an inversed pheromone table which simplifies the data structures of route packets. The simplified structure can avoid wasting of storage memories and processing capabilities which are very important for low-power wireless personal area network devices. The average path energy, average network energy and minimum remaining node energy of the path are combined to evaluate paths and update the inversed pheromone table. The positive and negative reinforcement of ant colony optimization algorithm are used to enhance the routes with better fitness. The pseudo-random-proportional-selection strategy is used to determine routes with the transferring of Backward_Ant from the destination to the source. Nodes with higher pheromone trail values are selected as the next hop with higher probabilities, therefore the network loads are distributed and nodes energy consumptions are balanced. A proactive route maintenance mechanism is also used in AOER to trigger route maintenance and avoid over-use of node energy. Experimental results on NS-2 show that AOER performs better than AODVjr in different network traffics and dynamics.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the grant of Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of P. R. of China (2007AA04Z340), and Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20060248057).
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Shuang, B., Li, Z. & Chen, J. An Ant-Based On-Demand Energy Route Protocol for IEEE 802.15.4 Mesh Network. Int J Wireless Inf Networks 16, 225–236 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10776-009-0110-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10776-009-0110-4