Abstract
This research aims to investigate the throughputs of DS-CDMA with S-ALOHA systems over Nakagami/Nakagami dual-path gain fading models with capture effects. The effects of fading on bit error rates (BERs) have been analysed by taking path gains into consideration. Due to the discrepancy between path gain for the desired signals and path gain for interferences, the BERs employed in our computations are the BERs of two different path gain models. Research indicates that the throughputs of DS-CDMA with S-ALOHA steadily increase as the parameters of fading signals m and the length of code N progressively enhance. Likewise, the throughputs of DS-CDMA with S-ALOHA gradually step-up as the value of capture ratio Q and the number of users K progressively step-down.







Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Sheikh, Y.-D. Yao and X. Wu, The ALOHA system in shadowed mobile radio channel with slow or fast fading, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 286–289, 1990.
J. A. Roberts and T. J. Healy, Packet radio performance over slow Rayleigh fading channel, IEEE Transaction on Vehicular Technology, Vol. COM-28, No. 2, pp. 279–286, 1980.
J. C. Anbark and W. Van Blitterswijk, Capacity of slotted ALOHA in Rayleigh fading channel, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. SAC-5, No. 2, pp. 261–265, 1987.
S. A. Al-Semari and M. Guizani, Channel throughputs of slotted-ALOHA in Nakagami fading environments, ICC 1997, Montreal, Que., Canada, Vol. 2, pp. 605–609, 1997.
D. Wijayad, and G. Wibisono, Analisa BER CDMA dengan Dua model path gain Kanal fading Nakagami, Proc. The 6th Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Applications (SITIA 2005), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh, Surabaya, November, 2 Mei 2005.
M. Kavehrad and P. J. McLane, Performance of low-complexity channel coding and diversity for spread spectrum in indoor, wireless communication, AT&T Technical Journal, Vol. 64, No. 8, pp. 1927–1965, 1985.
R. Prasad, CDMA for Wireless Personal Communication, Artech HouseLondon, 1996.
R. K. Morrow Jr and J. S. Lehnert, Bit-to-bit error dependence in slotted DS/SSMA packet systems with random signature sequences, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 37, No. 10, pp. 1052–1061, 1989.
J. M. Holtzman, A simple, accurate method to calculate spread-spectrum multiple-access error probabilities, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 461–464, 1992.
J. M. Holtzman, On calculating DS/SSMA error probabilities, IEEE 2nd International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, Jepang, November–December 1992.
M. O. Sunay and P. J. McLane, Calculating error probabilities for DS CDMA systems: when not to use the Gaussian approximation, IEEE Globecom 9, Vol. 3, pp. 1744–1749, 1996.
J. Cheng and N. C. Beaulieu, Accurate DS-CDMA bit-error probability calculation in Rayleigh fading, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 3–15, 2002.
M. B. Pursley, Performance evaluation for phase-coded spread-spectrum multiple-access communication—part I: system analysis, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-25, pp. 795–799, 1977.
C. Lee and Y. Jeon, BER analysis of asynchronous DS-CDMA over a Rician fading channel, IEICE—Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences, Vol. E81-A, No. 7, pp. 1479–1482, 1998.
V. A. Aalo and J. Zhang, On the effect of cochannel interference on average error rates in Nakagami-fading channels, IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 136–138, 1999.
H.-C. Yang, and M.-S. Alouini, Closed-Form Formulas for the Outage Probability of Wireless Communication Systems with a Minimum Signal Power Constraint. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 2002.
S. Ross, A First Course in Probability, Prentice-Hall, Inc.Upper Saddle River, 1998.
C. Chayawan and V. A. Aalo, Average symbol error rate of maximal ratio combining scheme in the presence of multiple co-channel interferers, ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 8–45, 2003.
K. Cheun and S. Kim, Joint delay-power capture in spread-spectrum packet radio networks, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 450–453, 1998.
M. S. Do, Y. J. Park, and J. Y. Lee, Capture with delay and power randomization in spread-spectrum CDMA slotted ALOHA system, Vehicular Technology Conference, 2000, IEEE VTS-Fall VTC 2000, Boston, US, 52nd, Vol. 5, pp. 2152–2158, 2000.
M. S. Do, Y. J. Park and J. Y. Lee, The effect of spreading gain control on a CDMA slotted ALOHA system, IEEE Transactions on Computer Communications, Vol. 26, No. July 20, pp. 996–1006, 2002.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saragih, H., Santoso, F. Capture Delay Analysis on the Throughputs of Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) with Slotted-ALOHA (S-ALOHA) Systems over Nakagami/Nakagami Fading Channels. Int J Wireless Inf Networks 18, 186–192 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10776-011-0144-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10776-011-0144-2