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Fault-Tolerant Formation Driving Mechanism Designed for Heterogeneous MAVs-UGVs Groups

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Abstract

A fault-tolerant method for stabilization and navigation of 3D heterogeneous formations is proposed in this paper. The presented Model Predictive Control (MPC) based approach enables to deploy compact formations of closely cooperating autonomous aerial and ground robots in surveillance scenarios without the necessity of a precise external localization. Instead, the proposed method relies on a top-view visual relative localization provided by the micro aerial vehicles flying above the ground robots and on a simple yet stable visual based navigation using images from an onboard monocular camera. The MPC based schema together with a fault detection and recovery mechanism provide a robust solution applicable in complex environments with static and dynamic obstacles. The core of the proposed leader-follower based formation driving method consists in a representation of the entire 3D formation as a convex hull projected along a desired path that has to be followed by the group. Such an approach provides non-collision solution and respects requirements of the direct visibility between the team members. The uninterrupted visibility is crucial for the employed top-view localization and therefore for the stabilization of the group. The proposed formation driving method and the fault recovery mechanisms are verified by simulations and hardware experiments presented in the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Martin Saska, Vojtěch Vonásek, Zdeněk Kasl, Vojtěch Spurný & Libor Přeučil

  2. Lincoln Centre for Autonomous Systems, Faculty of Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, Lincolnshire, UK

    Tomáš Krajník

Authors
  1. Martin Saska
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  2. Tomáš Krajník
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  3. Vojtěch Vonásek
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  5. Vojtěch Spurný
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  6. Libor Přeučil
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Correspondence to Martin Saska.

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Saska, M., Krajník, T., Vonásek, V. et al. Fault-Tolerant Formation Driving Mechanism Designed for Heterogeneous MAVs-UGVs Groups. J Intell Robot Syst 73, 603–622 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-013-9976-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-013-9976-6

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