Abstract
In typical monitoring applications, such as fires or deforestation, the agents of the unmanned aircraft squadron must follow a circular motion. However, for other applications, including take off and landing, the squadron must obey the longitudinal formation. In this work an algorithm is proposed to reconfigure the unmanned aircraft squadron between its latitudinal and circular formations. The algorithm is designed by using a new approach based on segments. The time complexity of the proposed algorithm is analyzed and its correction is proved. The proof of correction is confirmed by the simulations.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Lia, B., Huanga, K., Lia, J., Yuana, X.: “Analysis of influence of multiple uavs coordination system,”. J. Inf. Comput. Sci. 10(2), 571–578 (2013)
Cobano, J., Alejo, D., Vera, S., Heredia, G., Ollero, A.: Multiple gliding uav coordination for static soaring in real time applications. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) (2013)
Moon, S., Oh, E., Shim, D.H.: An integral framework of task assignment and path planning for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles in dynamic environments. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 70(1–4), 303–313 (2013)
Lin, L., Qibo, S., Shangguang, W., Fangchun, Y.: Research on pso based multiple uavs real-time task assignment. In: 25th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), 2013, pp 1530–1536. IEEE (2013)
Acevedo, J.J., Arrue, B.C., Maza, I., Ollero, A.: Distributed approach for coverage and patrolling missions with a team of heterogeneous aerial robots under communication constraints. Int. J. Adv. Robotic. Sy. 1–13(28) (2013)
Acevedo, J.J., Arrue, B.C., Maza, I., Ollero, A.: Cooperative large area surveillance with a team of aerial mobile robots for long endurance missions. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 70(1–4), 329–345 (2013)
Pimenta, L.C., Pereira, G.A., Gonċalves, M.M., Michael, N., Turpin, M., Kumar, V.: Decentralized controllers for perimeter surveillance with teams of aerial robots. Adv. Robot. 27(9), 697–709 (2013)
Mellinger, D., Michael, N., Kumar, V.: Trajectory generation and control for precise aggressive maneuvers with quadrotors. Int. J. Robot. Res. 31(5), 664–674 (2012)
Mellinger, D., Kushleyev, A., Kumar, V.: Mixed-integer quadratic program trajectory generation for heterogeneous quadrotor teams. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2012, pp. 477–483, IEEE (2012)
Turpin, M., Michael, N., Kumar, V.: Trajectory design and control for aggressive formation flight with quadrotors. Auton. Robot. 33(1–2), 143–156 (2012)
Neto, A.A., Macharet, D.G., Campos, M.F.: On the generation of trajectories for multiple uavs in environments with obstacles. In: Selected papers from the 2nd International Symposium on UAVs, June 8–10, 2009, pp. 123–141. Springer, Reno
Chen, X., Lu, Z.Y., Zhang, J.: Cooperative search and path planning of multi-unmanned aerial vehicles in uncertain environment based on bayes theory. Appl. Mech. Mater. 336, 843–846 (2013)
Kolling, A., Kleiner, A.: Multi-uav motion planning for guaranteed search. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 79–86 (2013)
George, J., Sujit, P., Sousa, J.B.: Search strategies for multiple uav search and destroy missions. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 61(1–4), 355–367 (2011)
Ragi, S., Chong, E.K.: Decentralized control of unmanned aerial vehicles for multitarget tracking. In: International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), 2013, pp. 260–268. IEEE (2013)
Zhu, S., Wang, D.: Adversarial ground target tracking using uavs with input constraints. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 65(1–4), 521–532 (2012)
Zhu, S., Wang, D., Low, C.B.: Ground target tracking using uav with input constraints. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 69(1–4), 417–429 (2013)
Wei, Y., Blake, M.B., Madey, G.R.: An operation-time simulation framework for uav swarm configuration and mission planning. Procedia Comput. Sci. 18, 1949–1958 (2013)
Kim, J., Song, B.D., Morrison, J.R.: On the scheduling of systems of uavs and fuel service stations for long-term mission fulfillment. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 70(1–4), 347–359 (2013)
You, D., Shim, D.: Autonomous formation flight test of multi-micro aerial vehicles. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 61(1–4), 321–337 (2011)
Zhang, M., Liu, H.H.: Formation flight of multiple fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles. In: American Control Conference (ACC), 2013, pp. 1614–1619, IEEE (2013)
Guerrero, J.A., Garcia, P.C., Challal, Y.: Quadrotors formation control. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 70(1–4), 221–231 (2013)
Zhu, S., Wang, D., Low, C.: Cooperative control of multiple uavs for source seeking. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 70(1–4), 293–301 (2013)
Min, F.N.F.: Haibo; Sun, Decentralized uav formation tracking flight control using gyroscopic force. In: CIMSA 2009 - International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applications. Hong-Kong, China (2009)
Verma, A., Wu, C.-N., Castelli, V.: Uav formation command and control management. In: 2nd AIAA Unmanned Unlimited Conference and Workshop & Exhibit (2003)
Chao, Z., Zhou, S.-L., Ming, L., Zhang, W.-G.: Uav formation flight based on nonlinear model predictive control. Math. Probl. Eng. 2012(261367), 1–15 (2012)
He, L.-L., Lou, X.-C.: Study on the formation control methods for multi-agent based on geometric characteristics. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Computer, Communication, Control and Automation (2013)
El-Hawwary, M.I.: Distributed stabilization of 3d circular formations. In: European Control Conference (ECC). Zürich, Switzerland (2013)
Ajorlou, A., Moezzi, K., Aghdam, A.G., Nersesov, S.G.: Two-stage time-optimal formation reconfiguration strategy. Syst. Control Lett. 62(6), 496–502 (2013)
Duan, H., Luo, Q., Shi, Y., Ma, G.: Hybrid particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm for multi-uav formation reconfiguration. IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag. 8(3), 16–27 (2013)
Hafez, A.T., Marasco, A.J., Givigi, S.N., Beaulieu, A., Rabbath, C.A.: Encirclement of multiple targets using model predictive control. In: American Control Conference (ACC), 2013, pp. 3147–3152, IEEE (2013)
Marasco, A.J., Givigi, S.N., Rabbath, C.A., Beaulieu, A.: Dynamic encirclement of a moving target using decentralized nonlinear model predictive control. In: American Control Conference (ACC), 2013, pp. 3960–3966, IEEE (2013)
Sadraey, M.: Multi-vehicle circular formation flight in an unknown time-varying flow-field. In: International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), 2013, pp. 859–868, IEEE (2013)
Ma, L., Hovakimyan, N.: Cooperative target tracking in balanced circular formation: multiple uavs tracking a ground vehicle. In: American Control Conference (ACC), 2013, pp. 5386–5391, IEEE (2013)
Yoo, S.-M., Lee, S., Park, C., Park, S.-Y.: Spacecraft fueloptimal and balancing maneuvers for a class of formation reconfiguration problems. Adv. Space Res. 52(8), 1476–1488 (2013)
Yang, H., Jiang, B., Cocquempot, V., Chen, M.: Spacecraft formation stabilization and fault tolerance: a state-varying switched system approach. Syst. Control Lett. 62(9), 715–722 (2013)
Schlanbusch, R., Oland, E.: Spacecraft formation reconfiguration with dynamic collision avoidance. In: Aerospace Conference, 2013, pp. 1–12. IEEE (2013)
Cho, H., Park, S.-Y., Yoo, S.-M., Choi, K.-H.: Analytical solution to optimal relocation of satellite formation flying in arbitrary elliptic orbits. Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 25(1), 161–176 (2013)
wei Cai, W., ping Yang, L., wei Zhu, Y., wen Zhang, Y.: Optimal satellite formation reconfiguration actuated by inter-satellite electromagnetic forces. Acta Astronautica 89(0), 154–165 (2013)
Nag, S., Summerer, L.: Behaviour based, autonomous and distributed scatter manoeuvres for satellite swarms. Acta Astronautica 82(1), 95–109 (2013)
Zhao, S., Lin, F., Peng, K., Chen, B.M., Lee, T.H.: Finite-time stabilization of circular formations using bearing-only measurements. CoRR arXiv:1303.2409 (2013)
Zhang, H.-T., Chen, Z., Yan, L., Yu, W.: Applications of collective circular motion control to multirobot systems. IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. 21(4), 1416–1422 (2013)
Guanghua, W., Deyi, L., Wenyan, G., Peng, J.: Study on formation control of multi-robot systems. In: 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications (ISDEA), 2013, pp. 1335–1339 (2013)
Barfoot, T.D., Clark, C.M.: Motion planning for formations of mobile robots. Robot. Auton. Syst. 46(2), 65–78 (2004)
Barfoot, T.D., Clark, C.M., Rock, S.M., D’Eleuterio, G.M.: Kinematic path-planning for formations of mobile robots with a nonholonomic constraint. In: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2002, vol. 3, pp. 2819–2824. IEEE (2002)
Anderson, M.R., Robbins, A.C.: Formation flight as a cooperative game. Collection of Technical AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit, vol. 10, pp. 244–251 (1998)
Kanjanawanishkul, K.: Formation control of mobile robots: Survey. eng. ubu. ac. th, pp. 50–64 (2005)
Tanenbaum, A.S.: Modern Operating Systems. Prentice-Hall (1992)
Yang, T., Jin, Y.: Multi-agent rotating consensus without relative velocity measurements in three-dimensional space. Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control. 23, 473–482 (2013)
Saska, M., Krajnik, T., Vonasek, V., Vanek, P., Preucil, L.: Navigation, localization and stabilization of formations of unmanned aerial and ground vehicles. In: International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), 2013, pp. 831–840. IEEE (2013)
Saska, M., Vonásek, V., Přeučil, L.: Trajectory planning and control for airport snow sweeping by autonomous formations of ploughs. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 72(2), 239–261 (2013)
Saska, M., Vonásek, V., Preucil, L.: Roads sweeping by unmanned multi-vehicle formations. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2011, pp. 631–636. IEEE (2011)
Giacomin, P.A.S., Hemerly, E.M.: Parallel simulation for autonomous aircraft squadrons using virtual structure and a 3d maneuvers scheme. In: 22nd International Congress of Mechanical Engineering (COBEM 2013). Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil (2013)
Kennedy, J., Eberhart, R.: Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, 1995, vol. 4, pp. 1942–1948 (1995)
Xu, B., Wang, S., Gao, D., Zhang, Y., Shi, Z.: Command filter based robust nonlinear control of hypersonic aircraft with magnitude constraints on states and actuators. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 73(1–4), 233–247 (2014)
Xu, B., Wang, D., Wang, H., Zhu, S.: Adaptive neural control of a hypersonic vehicle in discrete time. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 73(1–4), 219–231 (2014)
Xu, B., Wang, D., Sun, F., Shi, Z.: Direct neural discrete control of hypersonic flight vehicle. Nonlinear Dyn. 70(1), 269–278 (2012)
Cormen, T.H., Leiserson, C.E., Rivest, R.L., Stein, C.: Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press, Cambridge (2009)
Giacomin, P.A.S., Hemerly, E.M.: Optimum parallelization for aircraft squadrons simulation using message passing and cooperative game based control. In: Anais do XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Automática, CBA 2012, (Campina Grande - PB, Brazil), pp. 1135–1142. DEE-UFCG (2012)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This project is supported by CAPES.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sperandio Giacomin, P.A., Hemerly, E.M. Reconfiguration Between Longitudinal and Circular Formations for Multi-UAV Systems by Using Segments. J Intell Robot Syst 78, 339–355 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-014-0063-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-014-0063-4