Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and Construction of a Low Cost dsPIC Controller Based Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator (rTMS)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Medical Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, a digital signal peripheral interface controller (dsPIC) based repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator (rTMS) was designed and tested under low voltages. In addition, some limited knowledge of TMS, especially design parameters and notions concerned with it, also were investigated. The reason employing the dsPIC in the design is that design parameters can effectively be controlled. Pulse width modulation and switching output of the control unit, which is necessary to control the rTMS device, were controlled in a more effective way. The other novelty is that developed system can be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes in future work provided by digital signal processing performance of dsPIC. Bounded-cylindrical in shape head model made from nonmagnetic material, was used during the tests of the system. Spectrum analyses of clicking sounds were performed with FFT by using MATLAB. The effectiveness of the designed system have been proved by its’ measurement results compared with previous works.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rouhonen, J. (1998). Transcranial magnetic stimulation: modelling and new technique. PhD. Thesis, Helsinki Univ. Press: Espoo, Finland, 5–6.

  2. Ruohonen, J., Ollikainen, M., Nikouline, V., Virtanen, J., and Ilmoniemi, R. J., Coil design for real and sham transcranial magnetic stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering. 47:2145–148, 2000 doi:10.1109/10.821731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Xu, G., Chen, Y., Yang, S., Wang, M., & Yan, W. (2005). The Optimal Design of Magnetic Coil in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. IEEE Proceedings, Eng. in Med. and Biology 27th Annual Conf, China, pp. 6221–6224, Sept.1–4.

  4. Pascual-Leone, A., Bartres-Faz, D., and Keenan, J. P., Transcranial magnetic stimulation: studying the brain–behaviour relationship by induction of ‘virtual lesions’. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 354:1229–1238, 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Anderson, E. W., Preston, G. A., & Silva, C. T. (2007). Towards development of a circuit based treatment for ımpaired memory: A multidisciplinary approach. Proceedings of the 3rd Int. IEEE EMBS Conf. on Neural Eng., Hawaii, USA, pp. 302–305, May 2–5.

  6. Cheng, B., Abdalla, A. N., Huang, X., Lan, T., and Lin, J., Design of CHWHG type low frequency magnetic fields generator. Journal of Computer Science. 3:281–83, 2007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Caner, C., Engin, M., and Zeki, E. E., The programmable ECG simulator. Journal of Medical Systems 2008 doi:10.1007/s10916–008–9140–1.

  8. Davey, K. R., & Riehl, M. (2004). Suppressing the surface field during transcranial magnetic stimulation. TBME-00442–2004.R2, March 18, 2004, http://www.utexas.edu/research/cem/images/suppressing_surface_field.pdf

  9. Kammer, T., Beck, S., Thielscher, A., Laubis-Herrmann, U., and Topka, H., Motor thresholds in humans: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study comparing different pulse waveforms, current directions and stimulator types. Clinical Neurophysiology. 112:250–258, 2001 doi:10.1016/S1388–2457(00)00513–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Jali-nous, R. (1998). Guide to magnetic stimulation. The Magnetism Comp. U.K, pp. 1–2, 5–6, 11.

  11. Wolf, E. W., & Walker, C. F. (1991). Design and practical considerations in the construction of magnetic induction stimulators. Neuromuscular Systems 25.2–7, Annual Int. Conf. of the IEEE. Eng. In Med. Biol. Soc. 13(2), 857–858.

  12. Erickson, R. W., & Maksimoviâc, D. (2001). Fundamentals of Power Electronics. Kluwer Academic Publisher, ISBN 0–7923–7270–0, University of Colarado Boulder, pp. 44–48, 50–75, 88, 91, 95–97.

  13. Clarke, R. (2007). An introduction to the air cored coil. http://info.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Workshop/advice/coils/air_coils.html. Accessed 2 June 2008.

  14. Malmivuo, J., and Plonsey, R., Bioelectromagnetism; principles and applications of bioelectric and biomagnetic fields, Chapter 22: Magnetic stimulation of neural tissue. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 375–380, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sack, A. T., and Linden, D. E. J., Combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and functional imaging in cognitive brain research: possibilities and limitations. Brain Research Reviews. 43:41–56, 2003 doi:10.1016/S0165–0173(03)00191–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Iramina, K., Maeno, T., Kowatari, Y., and Ueno, S., Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on EEG activity. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 38:53347–3349, 2002 doi:10.1109/TMAG.2002.802309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Microchip Tech.Inc., dsPIC30F3014/4013, 3–15, 57–62, 2006.

  18. MicroC for dsPIC IDE C Compiler Manual. Mikro Elektronika 1–2, 161–162 (2007).

  19. NTE Electronics Inc: NTE5351 Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) for High Speed Switching. NTE Electronics Inc, Bloomfield, 2008.

  20. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics., TXN/TYN 058(G)–TXN/TYN 1008 (G) SCR. pp:5, Italy, April 1995.

  21. Silicon Power, S.D.M.: 170HK2 MTO Thyristor. Malvern, USA, Sdm170v2.xls, 5/15/2001.

  22. Song, S. H., Current control of 12-pulse regenerative converter for high current magnetic power supply. Electric Power Components and Systems. 34:917–926, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Chan, T. K., and Morcos, M. M., Switching performance of semiconductor devices in a cascode switch. Electric Power Components and Systems. 30:167–198, 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Microchip, dsPIC30F Digital Signal Controllers: Blending a 16-Bit Flash MCU with the Power of DSP. 2004 Microchip Tech.Inc., USA, pp. 6 (1–20).

  25. Burunkaya, M., and Guler, I., Design and construction of a microcontroller based transcranial magnetic stimulator. Instrumentation Science & Technology. 36:32–42, 2008 doi:10.1080/10739140701749831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Davey, K., and Riehl, M., Designing transcranial magnetic stimulation systems. IEEE Transactions on Magnetıcs. 41:31142–1148, 2005, March.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Al-Mutawaly, N., & Bruin, H. Designing and constructing a magnetic stimulator: theoretical and practical consideration. Proceedings of 23rd Annual EMBS Int. Conf, Istanbul, Turkey, October 25–28.

Download references

Acknowledgement

This research was performed on the basis of the project supported by Gazi University Scientific Researching Project Department. We appreciate all financial supporting from Gazi University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronic and Computer Education, Faculty of Technical Education, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey

    Mustafa Burunkaya

Authors
  1. Mustafa Burunkaya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mustafa Burunkaya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Burunkaya, M. Design and Construction of a Low Cost dsPIC Controller Based Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator (rTMS). J Med Syst 34, 15–24 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-008-9211-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-008-9211-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation