Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Diagnostic Methodology for Hazy Data with “Borderline” Cases

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Medical Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Several illnesses like the hypertension, the dementia among others in reality contain borderline cases. These “borderline” (alternately mentioned hazy) cases are neither labeled healthy nor diseased by the medical professionals. Consequently, the current diagnostic test methodology is inappropriate for data with the borderline cases. A new methodology is greatly needed to analyze and interpret diagnostic test data with the borderline cases. In this article, a new methodology is therefore developed, discussed, and illustrated. The medical parameters: the sensitivity, the specificity, and the disease prevalence of the sampled participants are calculated and interpreted using the new methodology with data on borderline dementia and blood pressure cases separately.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hendrie, H., Osuntokun, B., Hall, K., Ogunniyi, A., Hui, S., Unverzagt, F. et al., The prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia in two countries of Nigerian Africans and African Americans. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 152:1485–1492, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lawal, H. B., and Upton, G. J. G., Alternative interaction structures in square contingency table having ordered classificatory variables. Qual. Quant. 24:107–127, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Lu, Y., and Fan, J. Q., Advanced Medical Statistics. World Scientific, Singapore, 2003.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhou, X. H., Obuchowski, N. A., and McClish, D. K., Statistical Methods in Diagnostic Medicine. John Wiley, Hoboken, 2002.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Youden, W. J., Index rating for diagnostic tests. Cancer. 3:32–35, 1950. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Health Administration, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA

    Ramalingam Shanmugam

Authors
  1. Ramalingam Shanmugam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramalingam Shanmugam.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shanmugam, R. A Diagnostic Methodology for Hazy Data with “Borderline” Cases. J Med Syst 34, 161–177 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-008-9228-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-008-9228-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation