Application of Paraconsistent Artificial Neural Networks as a Method of Aid in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease

Abstract

The visual analysis of EEG has shown useful in helping the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) when the diagnosis remains uncertain, being used in some clinical protocols. However, such analysis is subject to the inherent equipment imprecision, patient movement, electrical records, and physician interpretation of the visual analysis variation. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) could be a helpful tool, appropriate to address problems such as prediction and pattern recognition. In this work, it has use a new class of ANN, the Paraconsistent Artificial Neural Network (PANN), which is capable of handling uncertain, inconsistent, and paracomplete information, for recognizing predetermined patterns of EEG and to assess its value as a possible auxiliary method for AD diagnosis. Thirty three patients with Alzheimer's disease and 34 controls patients of EEG records were obtained during relaxed wakefulness. It was considered as normal patient pattern, the background EEG activity between 8.0 and 12.0 Hz (with an average frequency of 10 Hz), allowing a range of 0.5 Hz. The PANN was able to recognize waves that belonging to their respective bands of clinical use (theta, delta, alpha, and beta), leading to an agreement with the clinical diagnosis at 82% of sensitivity and at 61% of specificity. Supported with these results, the PANN could be a promising tool to manipulate EEG analysis, bearing in mind the following considerations: the growing interest of specialists in EEG analysis visual and the ability of the PANN to deal directly imprecise, inconsistent and paracomplete data, providing an interesting quantitative and qualitative analysis.