The problem of operation and maintenance (OAM) in optical burst switched (OBS) networks is not addressed by the optical-networking community even though OBS has been gaining research interest in recent years. In this paper, we introduce a functional model of OBS networks and an OAM architecture that is designed to meet the operational requirements based on this model. We present the first framework to realize OAM in OBS networks, including OAM activities, OAM-aware OBS nodes, OAM information and communication models and protocols. A number of practical examples of possible network failures and the corresponding reactions are presented.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig6_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig8_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig9_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig10_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig11_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10922-005-9002-9/MediaObjects/10922_2005_9002_Fig12_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
J.-D. Shin, S. Charcranoon, H. Cankaya, and T. El-Bawab, Procedures and functions for operation and maintenance in optical burst-switching networks, Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE Workshop on IP Operations and Management (IPOM 2002), pp. 149–53, 29–31 October 2002, Dallas, Texas, USA.
J.-D. Shin, S. Charcranoon, H. Cankaya, and T. El-Bawab, Operation and maintenance issues in optical-burst switched networks, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 4872, pp. 230–238, ITCom 2002, 29-31 July 2002, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Y. Tada, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Yamabayashi, S. Matsuoka, and K. Hagimoto, OA&M framework for multiwavelength photonic transport networks, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 14, pp. 914–922, 1996.
ITU-T Recommendation I.610, “B-ISDN operation and maintenance principles and functions,” February 1999.
Y.-H. Choi, K.-H. Lee, J.-Y. Lee, and S.-B. Lee, OAM MIB: An end-to-end performance management solution for ATM, IEEE IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 18, pp. 767–778, 2000.
ITU-T Recommendation I.620, Frame relay operation and maintenance principles and functions, October 1996.
ITU-T Recommendation Y.1710, “Requirements for Operation & Maintenance functionality for MPLS networks,” November 2002 (and Recommendation Y.1711, “Operation & Maintenance mechanism for MPLS networks,” November 2002),
ITU-T Draft Recommendation Y.17ethreq (Y.1730), “Requirements for OAM functions in Ethernet based networks” (and Draft Recommendation Y.17ethoam, “OAM functions and mechanisms for Ethernet based networks”).
T. El-Bawab, A. Agrawal, F. Poppe, L. Sofman, D. Papadimitriou, and B. Rousseau, The evolution to optical-switching based core networks, Optical Network Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 2, March/April 2003.
ITU-T Recommendation G.681, “Functional characteristics of interoffice and long-haul line systems using optical amplifiers, including optical multiplexing” October 1996. (Now superseded by ITU-T Recommendations G.664 and G.783).
L. Sofman, T. El-Bawab, and K. Laevens, Segmentation overhead in optical burst switching, Proceedings. of SPIE, Vol. 4874, pp. 101–107, Opticomm 2002, July 2002, Boston.
F. Masetti, D. Zriny, D. Verchere, J. Blanton, T. Kim, J. Talley, D. Chiaroni, A. Jourdan, J. C. Jacquinot, C. Coeurjolly, P. Poignant, M. Renaud, G. Eilenberger, S. Bunse, W. Latenschleager, J. Wolde, and U. Bilgak, Design and implementation of a multi-terabit optical burst/packet router prototype, Post deadline papers, FD1, OFC 2002.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
An assumption is made in this study that OAM/1 and supervisory packets may share the same channel. This is not mandatory and a channel may be dedicated to each of these two types of packets.
Saravut Charcranoon received the PhD in electrical engineering from State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1998. From 1998 to 2004, he worked as a research scientist on the control and management of IP networks as well as optical networks. Early in his career, he worked with the Communication Authority of Thailand for four years. He has been working with TRUE Corporation in Bangkok, Thailand since early 2004. His research interest includes control and management in IP/Optical networks and scheduling and OAM in Optical Burst Switched (OBS) networks.
Tarek S. El-Bawab has a PhD in Electrical Engineering from Colorado State University, M.Sc. in Telecommunications and Information Systems from University of Essex, and M.Sc. in Solid State Science from the American University in Cairo. He has been with the Network Strategy Group (NSG) of Alcatel USA since 2001. Prior to this assignment, he was in optical-networking research with Alcatel-USA Research & Innovation, Colorado State University, and University of Essex (UK). His areas of research interest include optical networks, network architectures, performance analysis, and next-generation switching/routing. He is an IEEE Senior Member and has served as TPC member, organizer, and chair in numerous IEEE/SPIE activities. He has more than 50 publications.
Jong-Dug Shin received the PhD degree in electrical engineering from Texas A&M University in 1991. From 1991 to 1995, he led research projects on optical packet switching networks at ETRI, Korea. Since 1995, he has been with the School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Korea, as Associate Professor. His current research interest includes OAM and QoS issues for optical networks.
Hakki C. Cankaya currently belongs to Network Technology and Analysis Team in Network Strategy Group at Alcatel USA. He has been working for Alcatel USA in several positions since 1998.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Charcranoon, S., El-Bawab, T.S., Shin, JD. et al. Framework for Operation and Maintenance (OAM) in Optical Burst Switched Networks. J Netw Syst Manage 13, 387–408 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-005-9002-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-005-9002-9