Abstract
If \(G\) is a Hopfian abelian group then it is, in general, difficult to determine if direct sums of copies of \(G\) will remain Hopfian. We exhibit large classes of Hopfian groups such that every finite direct sum of copies of the group is Hopfian. We also show that for any integer \(n > 1\) there is a torsion-free Hopfian group \(G\) having the property that the direct sum of \(n\) copies of \(G\) is not Hopfian but the direct sum of any lesser number of copies is Hopfian.
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Goldsmith, B., Vámos, P. The Hopfian exponent of an abelian group. Period Math Hung 69, 21–31 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10998-014-0038-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10998-014-0038-z