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Battery-Aware Scheduling in Wireless Mesh Networks

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Abstract

Wireless mesh networks recently emerge as a flexible, low-cost and multipurpose networking platform with wired infrastructure connected to the Internet. A critical issue in mesh networks is to maintain network activities for a long lifetime with high energy efficiency. As more and more outdoor applications require long-lasting, high energy efficient and continuously-working mesh networks with battery-powered mesh routers, it is important to optimize the performance of mesh networks from a battery-aware point of view. Recent study in battery technology reveals that discharging of a battery is nonlinear. Batteries tend to discharge more energy than needed, and reimburse the over-discharged energy later if they have sufficiently long recovery time. Intuitively, to optimize network performance, a mesh router should recover its battery periodically to prolong the lifetime. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model on battery discharging duration and lifetime for wireless mesh networks. We also present a battery lifetime optimization scheduling algorithm (BLOS) to maximize the lifetime of battery-powered mesh routers. Based on the BLOS algorithm, we further consider the problem of using battery powered routers to monitor or cover a few hot spots in the network. We refer to this problem as the Spot Covering under BLOS Policy problem (SCBP). We prove that the SCBP problem is NP-hard and give an approximation algorithm called the Spanning Tree Scheduling (STS) to dynamically schedule mesh routers. The key idea of the STS algorithm is to construct a spanning tree according to the BLOS Policy in the mesh network. The time complexity of the STS algorithm is O(r) for a network with r mesh routers. Our simulation results show that the STS algorithm can greatly improve the lifetime, data throughput and energy consumption efficiency of a wireless mesh network.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    Chi Ma

  2. Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32303, USA

    Zhenghao Zhang

  3. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA

    Yuanyuan Yang

Authors
  1. Chi Ma
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  2. Zhenghao Zhang
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  3. Yuanyuan Yang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuanyuan Yang.

Additional information

The research work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant numbers CCR-0207999 and ECS-0427345 and U.S. Army Research Office under grant number W911NF-04-1-0439.

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Ma, C., Zhang, Z. & Yang, Y. Battery-Aware Scheduling in Wireless Mesh Networks. Mobile Netw Appl 13, 228–241 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0032-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0032-x

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