Abstract
It is well understood that Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are extremely susceptible to a variety of attacks, and traditional security mechanisms do not work well. Many security schemes have been proposed that depend on cooperation amongst the nodes in a MANET for identifying nodes that are exhibiting malicious behaviors such as packet dropping, packet modification, and packet misrouting. We argue that in general, this problem can be viewed as an instance of detecting nodes whose behavior is an outlier when compared to others. In this paper, we propose a collaborative and trust-based outlier detection algorithm that factors in a node’s reputation for MANETs. The algorithm leads to a common outlier view amongst distributed nodes with a limited communication overhead. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate.















Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wu B, Chen J, Wu J, Cardei M (2006) A survey on attacks and countermeasures in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Network Security (Part II, Chapter 12), Springer
Zhang Y, Lee W (2002) Intrusion detection in wireless ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom), Atlanta, GA, USA, pp 275–283
Hu Y, Perrig A, Johnson D (2002) Ariadne: a secure on-demand routing protocol for ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom), Atlanta, GA, USA, pp 12–23
Sun B, Guan Y, Chen J, Pooch UW (2003) Detecting black-hole attack in mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of 5th European Personal Mobile Communications Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, UK, pp 490–495
Grubbs F (1969) Procedures for detecting outlying observations in samples. Technometrics 11(1):1–21
Lazarevic A, Ertoz L, Ozgur A, Srivastava J, Kumar V (2003) A comparative study of anomaly detection schemes in network intrusion detection. In Proceedings of the Third SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, San Francisco, CA, USA, May
Zhang J, Zulkernine M (2006) Anomaly based network intrusion detection with unsupervised outlier detection. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2006), Istanbul, Turkey, pp 2388–2393
Ferdousi Z, Maeda A (2006) Unsupervised outlier detection in time series data. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (ICDEW06), Atlanta, GA, USA, Apr
Sheng B, Li Q, Mao W, Jin W (2007) Outlier detection in sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing (MobiHoc07), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, pp 219–228
Ramaswamy S, Rastogi R, Shim K (2000) Efficient algorithms for mining outliers from large datasets. In Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD international Conference on Management of Data, Dallas, Texas, USA, pp 427–438
Knorr EM, Ng RT (1998) Algorithms for mining distance-based outliers in large datasets. In Proceedings of the 24th international Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB98), New York, NY, USA, pp 392–403
Knorr EM, Ng RT (1999) Finding intensional knowledge of distance-based outliers. In Proceedings of the 25th international Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB99), Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, pp 211–222
Li W, Parker J, Joshi A (2008) Security through collaboration in MANETs. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing (CollaborateCom 2008), Springer LNICST vol. 10, Orlando, FL, USA, pp 696–714, November
Li W, Joshi A (2009) Outlier detection in ad hoc networks using dempster-shafer theory. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM 2009), Taipei, Taiwan, pp 112–121, May
Li W, Joshi A, Finin T (2009) Policy-based malicious peer detection in ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of 12th IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering (CSE 2009), Vancouver, Canada, Vol. 3, pp 76–82, August
Branch J, Szymanski B, Giannella C, Wolff R, Kargupta H (2006) In-network outlier detection in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS2006),Lisbon, Portugal
Palpanas T, Papadopoulos D, Kalogeraki V, Gunopulos D (2003) Distributed deviation detection in sensor networks. ACM SIGMOD Record 32(4):77–82
Subramaniam S, Palpanas T, Papadopoulos D, Kalogeraki V, Gunopulos D (2006) Online outlier detection in sensor data using non-parametric models. In Proceedings of the 32nd international Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB06), Seoul, Korea, pp 187–198
Marti S, Giuli TJ, Lai K, Baker M (2000) Mitigating routing misbehavior in mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 6th Annual international Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM00), Boston, MA, USA, pp 255–265
Liu Y, Comaniciu C, Man H (2006) A Bayesian game approach for intrusion detection in wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceeding of the 2006 Workshop on Game theory For Communications and Networks (GAMENET06), Pisa, Italy
Zhang Y, Lee W (2000) Intrusion detection in wireless ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 6th Annual international Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM00), Boston, MA, USA, pp 275–283
DengH, Zeng Q, Agrawal DP (2003) SVM-based intrusion detection system for wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC03), vol. 3, pp 2147–2151, Orlando, FL, USA
Kachirski O, Guha R (2002) Intrusion detection using mobile agents in wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Knowledge Media Networking, pp 153–158, Kyoto, Japan
Tseng C, Balasubramanyam P, Ko C, Limprasittiporn R, Rowe J, Levitt K (2003) A specification-based intrusion detection system for AODV. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Security of ad hoc and sensor networks(SASN03), Fairfax, VA, USA, pp 125–134
Huang Y, Lee W (2003) A cooperative intrusion detection system for ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Security of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks (SASN03), Fairfax, VA, USA, pp 135–147
Kefayati M, Rabiee HR, Miremadi SG, Khonsari A (2006) Misbehavior resilient multi-path data transmission in mobile ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of the Fourth ACM Workshop on Security of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks (SASN06), Alexandria, VA, USA, pp 91–100
Anderegg L, Eidenbenz S (2003) Ad hoc-VCG: a truthful and cost-efficient routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks with selfish agents. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual international Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM03), San Diego, CA, USA, pp 245–259
Glomosim 2.03, http://pcl.cs.ucla.edu/projects/glomosim/
Parker J, Patwardhan A, Joshi A (2006) Cross-layer analysis for detecting wireless misbehavior. In Proceedings of the IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference(CCNC 2006), Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, Jan
He Q, Wu D, Khosla P (2004) SORI: a secure and objective reputation-based incentive scheme for ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), vol. 2, pp 825–830
Patwardhan A, Perich F, Joshi A, Finin T, Yesha Y (2005) Active collaborations for trustworthy data management in ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Sensor Systems, November
Srinivasan V, Nuggehalli P, Chiasserini C-F, Rao RR (2005) An analytical approach to the study of cooperation in wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 4(2):722–733
Buchegger S, Boudec J-YL (2003) A robust reputation system for mobile ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of P2PEcon
Griffiths N (2005) Task delegation using experience-based multi-dimensional trust. In Proceedings of the Fourth international Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 05), pp 489–496, The Netherlands, July
Reece S, Rogers A, Roberts S, Jennings NR (2007) Rumors and reputation: evaluating multi-dimensional trust within a decentralized reputation system. In Proceedings of the 6th international Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 07), pp 1–8, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA May
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This paper is an extended version of our previous paper that was accepted by CollaborateCom 2008.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, W., Parker, J. & Joshi, A. Security Through Collaboration and Trust in MANETs. Mobile Netw Appl 17, 342–352 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-010-0243-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-010-0243-9