Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Towards an Elastic Application Model for Augmenting the Computing Capabilities of Mobile Devices with Cloud Computing

  • Published:
Mobile Networks and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We propose a new elastic application model that enables seamless and transparent use of cloud resources to augment the capability of resource-constrained mobile devices. The salient features of this model include the partition of a single application into multiple components called weblets, and a dynamic adaptation of weblet execution configuration. While a weblet can be platform independent (e.g., Java or .Net bytecode or Python script) or platform dependent (native code), its execution location is transparent—it can be run on a mobile device or migrated to the cloud, i.e., run on one or more nodes offered by an IaaS provider. Thus, an elastic application can augment the capabilities of a mobile device including computation power, storage, and network bandwidth, with the light of dynamic execution configuration according to device’s status including CPU load, memory, battery level, network connection quality, and user preferences. This paper presents the motivation behind developing elastic applications and their architecture including typical elasticity patterns and cost models that are applied to determine the elasticity patterns. We implement a reference architecture and develop a set of elastic applications to validate the augmentation capabilities for smartphone devices. We demonstrate promising results of the proposed application model using data collected from one of our example elastic applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Amazon EC2. http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/. Accessed 21 Mar 2011

  2. RFMD product data sheet. http://www.rfmd.com/products. Accessed 21 Mar 2011

  3. Wifi power consumption analysis. http://nesl.ee.ucla.edu/fw/documents/reports/2007/poweranalysis.pdf. Accessed 21 Mar 2011

  4. Samsung flash memory databook. http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconductor/packageInfoList.do. Accessed 21 Mar 2011

  5. Analog devices data sheet. http://www.analog.com/en/content/psearch_landing/fca.html. Accessed 21 Mar 2011

  6. Armbrust M, Fox A, Griffith R, Joseph AD, Katz RH, Konwinski A, Lee G, Patterson DA, Rabkin A, Stoica I, Zaharia M (2009) Above the clouds: a berkeley view of cloud computing. Technical Report UCB/EECS-2009-28. EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley

  7. Balan R, Flinn J, Satyanarayanan M, Sinnamohideen S, Yang H (2002) The case for cyber foraging. In: Proc. of the 10th ACM SIGOPS European workshop

  8. Balan RK, Satyanarayanan M, Park S, Okoshi T (2003) Tactics-based remote execution for mobile computing. In: Proc. of the 1st international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services, pp 273–286

  9. Chun B-G, Maniatis P (2009) Augmented smartphone applications through clone cloud execution. In: USENIX HotOS XII

  10. Flinn J, Park S, Satyanarayanan M (2002) Balancing performance, energy, and quality in pervasive computing. In: Proc. of the international conference on distributed computing systems

  11. Gu X, Messer A, Greenberg I, Milojicic D, Nahrstedt K (2004) Adaptive offloading for pervasive computing. IEEE Pervasive Computing 3(3):66–73

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gu X, Nahrstedt K, Messer A, Greenberg I, Milojicic D (2003) Adaptive offloading inference for delivering applications in pervasive computing environments. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications

  13. Gurun S, Krintz C, Wolski R (2004) Nwslite: a light-weight prediction utility for mobile devices. In: Proc. of international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services

  14. Hunt GC, Scott ML, Hunt GC, Scott ML (1999) The coign automatic distributed partitioning system. In: Proc. of the 3rd symposium on operating systems design and implementation, pp 187–200

  15. Kondo D, Javadi B, Malecot P, Cappello F, Anderson DP (2009) Cost-benefit analysis of cloud computing versus desktop grids. in: proc. of the ieee international symposium on parallel & distributed processing

  16. Li X, Li Y, Liu T, Qiu J, Wang F (2009) The method and tool of cost analysis for cloud computing. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on cloud computing

  17. Poladian V, Sousa JP, Garlan D, Shaw M (2004) Dynamic configuration of resource-aware services. In: Proc. of international conference on software engineering

  18. Porras ORJ, Kristensen MD (2008) Dynamic resource management and cyber foraging. Chapter Middleware for Network Eccentric and Mobile Applications. Springer Press

  19. Kozuch M, Satyanarayanan M (2002) Internet suspend/resume. In: Proc. of the 4th IEEE workshop on mobile computing systems and applications

  20. Narayanan D, Flinn J, Satyanarayanan M (2000) Using history to improve mobile application adaptation. In: Proc. of the 3rd IEEE workshop on mobile computing systems and applications

  21. Rellermeyer JS, Alonso G, Roscoe T (2007) R-osgi: distributed applications through software modularization. In: Proc. of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX international conference on middleware

  22. Santos N, Gummadi KP, Rodrigues R (2009) Towards trusted cloud computing. In: Proc. of the workshop on hot topics in cloud computing

  23. Satyanarayanan M, Bahl P, Caceres R, Davies N (2009) The case for vm-based cloudlets in mobile computing. IEEE Pervasive Computing 8(4):14–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sousa JP, Balan RK, Poladian V, Garlan D, Satyanarayanan M (2008) User guidance of resource-adaptive systems. In: Proc. of international conference on software and data technologies

  25. Sousa J, Garlan D (2002) Aura: an architectural framework for user mobility in ubiquitous computing environments. In: Proc. of the 3rd Working IEEE/IFIP conference on software architecture

  26. Travostino F (2006) Seamless live migration of virtual machines over the man/wan. In: Proc. of the ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing

  27. Vijaykrishnan N, Kandemir M, Irwin M, Kim H, Ye W (2000) Energy-driven integrated hardware-software optimizations using simplepower. In: Proc. of the int. symposium on computer architecture

  28. Walker E (2009) The real cost of a CPU hour. IEEE Comput 42(4):35–41

    Google Scholar 

  29. Xian C, Lu YH, Li Z (2007) Adaptive computation offloading for energy conservation on battery-powered systems. In: ICPADS

  30. Zhang H, Jiang G, Yoshihira K, Chen H, Saxena A (2009) Intelligent workload factoring for a hybrid Cloud computing model. In: Proc. of the congress on services

  31. Zhang X, Schiffman J, Gibbs S, Kunjithapatham A, Jeong S (2009) Securing elastic applications on mobile devices for cloud computing. In: Proc. of ACM cloud computing security workshop

  32. Zhao G, Shen Z, Miao C, Wan C (2009) ELM-based intelligent resource selection for Grid scheduling. In: Proc. of IEEE international conference on machine learning and applilcations

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Huawei Research Center, Santa Clara, CA, USA

    Xinwen Zhang

  2. Samsung Information Systems America, San Jose, CA, USA

    Anugeetha Kunjithapatham & Simon Gibbs

  3. LG Electronics, 221, Yangjae-Dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea

    Sangoh Jeong

Authors
  1. Xinwen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anugeetha Kunjithapatham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sangoh Jeong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Simon Gibbs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xinwen Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, X., Kunjithapatham, A., Jeong, S. et al. Towards an Elastic Application Model for Augmenting the Computing Capabilities of Mobile Devices with Cloud Computing. Mobile Netw Appl 16, 270–284 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-011-0305-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-011-0305-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation