Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Case study and performance evaluation of MDMA–A non-orthogonal multiple access scheme for 5G cellular systems

  • Published:
Mobile Networks and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Correction to this article was published on 11 January 2018

This article has been updated

Abstract

Multipath division multiple access (MDMA) has recently been proposed as a non-orthogonal multiple access scheme which exploits multipath domain to separate its users [1]. It is claimed that both the system capacity and total data throughput can be enhanced to a large amount. Yet, it is at its early stage of developments and it needs to be further investigated and clarified for its real use. In this paper, the feasibility and realizability of the MDMA cellular system are demonstrated by computer simulation. The receiver operation is also described in detail. Besides, the system performance is compared with those claimed in the original paper [1]. In addition, practical considerations on implementing the MDMA cellular system are discussed as well. With considerable amount of channel estimation error, it is shown that the system can still achieve 16 bps/Hz/cell with 300 BS antennas in cellular spectrum efficiency, which is an order of magnitude larger than the currently used first-generation to fourth-generation multiple access schemes. Thus, the MDMA can be considered as an implementable and spectrum efficient non-orthogonal multiple access scheme for future 5G systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Change history

  • 11 January 2018

    The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes in Table 1, Footnote 11, and Eqs. 2, 4, 6, 21, 23, 24, 25, 29, 34, 36, and 38.

Notes

  1. The cellular spectrum efficiency is calculated here in the unit of bps/Hz/cell, which refers to the ratio of the total data throughput to a given transmission bandwidth in each cell.

  2. The user capacity plot is illustrated in terms of bit error rate vs. the maximum number of served users.

  3. By a call we mean either the conventional voice call or the data packet transmission.

  4. The downlink broadcast channel reveals necessary system information such as random access time slot index, BS identification, etc.

  5. For the carrier frequency of 1 GHz and regular vehicle speed of 30 m/s, the coherence time can be calculated from [17] to be 1790 μs. Since the coherence time is inversely proportional to the carrier frequency, the coherence time at 30 GHz is 1/30 of that at 1GHz, which is about 60 μs. Thus, the MDMA system estimates the channel every other 20 μs for which the channel remains almost unchanged.

  6. It is assumed that P1(t) meets the Nyquist pulse shaping criterion, in general L′ > L, whereL′is the total number of discrete-time channel taps.

  7. The cochannel interference is not included here for the discussion of the MUD receiver, whose effects due to CCI can be referred to [22] for more detail.

  8. Orthogonality here refers to the desired correlation properties of the Zadoff-Chu codes mentioned in the context.

  9. The family size N of both the random and Zadoff-Chu codes is generally much larger than the number of served users (K) in our system.

  10. The original experiments were conducted with a cell size about 200 m.

  11. The normalized channel estimation error is defined as

    , where m = 1,…,M, k = 1,…,K, and is the expectation.

  12. Since perfect channel estimation is assumed in Fig. 8, the pilot signal is completely cancelled from the received signal in (27).

  13. Since the other-cell relative interference factor is the received SIR reduction parameter which is independent of the number of antennas, we therefore use 100 antennas for simulation without loss of generality.

References

  1. W. H. Hsiao, C. C. Huang (2016) Multipath division multiple access for 5G cellular system based on massive antennas in millimeter wave band. 18th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT): 741–746

  2. ITU IMT Vision (2015) Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond

  3. Andrews JG et al (2014) What Will 5G Be. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 32(6):1065–10824

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Jose et al (2009) Pilot contamination problem in multi-cell TDD systems. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT): 2184–2188

  5. K. Appaiah, A. Ashikhmin, T. L. Marzetta (2010) Pilot contamination reduction in multi-user TDD systems. IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): 1–5

  6. Vu TX et al (2014) Successive pilot contamination elimination in multi-antenna multi-cell networks. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 3:617–620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ma J, Li P (2014) Data-aided channel estimation in large antenna systems. IEEE Trans on Signal Processing 62(12):3111–3124

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Larsson E et al (2014) Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems. IEEE Commun Mag 52(2):186–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. T. Takeda, K. Higuchi (2011) Enhanced user fairness using non-orthogonal access with SIC in cellular uplink. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

  10. Y. Saito et al (2013) Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) for Cellular Future Radio Access. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

  11. M. Al-Imari, P. Xiao, M. A. Imran, R. Tafazolli (2014) Uplink nonorthogonal multiple access for 5G wireless networks. 11th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems

  12. Dai L et al (2015) Non-orthogonal multiple access for 5G: solutions, challenges, opportunities, and future research trends. IEEE Commun Mag 53(9):74–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ding Z et al (2017) Application of non-orthogonal multiple access in LTE and 5G networks. IEEE Commun Mag 55(2):185–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Tao Y, Liu L, Liu S, Zhang Z (2015) A survey: several technologies of non-orthogonal transmission for 5G. China Commun 12(10):1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Rusek F et al (2013) Scaling up MIMO: opportunities and challenges with very large arrays. IEEE Signal Process Mag 30(1):40–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hoydis J, ten Brink S, Debbah M (2013) Massive MIMO in the UL/DL of cellular networks: How many antennas do we need. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 31(2):160–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. T. S. Rappaport (2002) Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice. Prentice Hall

  18. Lee CY (1978) Mobile radio performance for a two-branch equal-gain combining receiver with correlated signals at the land site. IEEE Trans on Vehicular Technology 27(4):239–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Roh W et al (2014) Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: Theoretical feasibility and prototype results. IEEE Commun Mag 52(2):106–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Andrews JG (2005) Interference cancellation for cellular systems: A contemporary overview. IEEE Wireless Commun Mag 12(2):19–29

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Moshavi S (1996) Multi-user detection for DS-CDMA communications. IEEE Commun Mag 34(10):124–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Reed, P. Hertach, J. Maucher (2002) An iterative multiuser detection receiver for 3GPP with antenna arrays: performance in terms of BER, cell size and capacity. Mobile Commun Tech Conf 3G

  23. Fan P, Darnell M (1996) Sequence Design for Communications Applications. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  24. M. R. Akdeniz, Y. Liu, S. Sun, S. Rangan, T. S. Rappaport, E. Erkip (2014) Millimeter wave channel modeling and cellular capacity evaluation. IEEE Journal on Sel. Areas in Communications

  25. S. Sun, T. S. Rappaport (2013) Multi-beam antenna combining for 28 GHz cellular link improvement in urban environments. IEEE Globe Communications Conference (GLOBCOM)

  26. Saleh AAM, Valenzuela RA (1987) A statistical model for indoor multipath propagation. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 5(2):128–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Chen CC, Huang CC (2000) Fast feedforward channel sounding RAKE receiver. IEE Electronics Letters 36(20):1731–1733

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A. J. Viterbi (1995) CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communication. Prentice Hall

  29. Huang CC (1992) Computer simulation of direct sequence spread spectrum cellular architecture. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 41:544–550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Akyildiz IF, Gutierrez-Estevez DM, Reyes EC (2010) The evolution to 4g cellular systems: Lte-advanced. Physical Communication 3(4):217–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Wei-Han Hsiao, Yung-Wen Shih & Chia-Chi Huang

Authors
  1. Wei-Han Hsiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yung-Wen Shih
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chia-Chi Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei-Han Hsiao.

Additional information

The original version of this article was revised: Table 1, Footnote 11, and Equations 2, 4, 6, 21, 23, 24, 25, 29, 34, 36, and 38 were corrected.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hsiao, WH., Shih, YW. & Huang, CC. Case study and performance evaluation of MDMA–A non-orthogonal multiple access scheme for 5G cellular systems. Mobile Netw Appl 23, 1035–1048 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-017-0970-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-017-0970-2

Keywords