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A novel steganalysis for TPVD steganographic method based on differences of pixel difference histogram

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Abstract

Tri-way Pixel Value Differencing (TPVD) steganographic method is a new modified version of another well-known method called PVD, which intents to increase embedding capacity and security of its successor by hiding secret bits in both vertical and diagonal edges of a cover image, in addition to the horizontal edges used in PVD. In this paper, it is shown that the histogram of difference values of a stego image under the TPVD algorithms is vulnerable to a particular statistical analysis. So, a new steganalytic measure named Growing Anomalies is introduced that its value has a linear relationship with secret message rate. It is shown empirically and theoretically that proposed steganalysis method based on this measure can estimate the amount of secret bits with a negligible error rate. The proposed steganalyser can classify test images as stego or cover with 97% accuracy when they contain more that 10% secret data. Implementation results indicate that proposed method can estimate secret message rate with an average accuracy of 95%.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSE and IT Department, ECE School, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Nazanin Zaker & Ali Hamzeh

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  1. Nazanin Zaker
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  2. Ali Hamzeh
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Correspondence to Nazanin Zaker.

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Zaker, N., Hamzeh, A. A novel steganalysis for TPVD steganographic method based on differences of pixel difference histogram. Multimed Tools Appl 58, 147–166 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0714-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0714-9

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