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Locality constrained encoding of frequency and spatial information for image classification

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Abstract

The bag-of-feature (BoF) model provides a way to construct high-level representation for image classification. Although spatial pyramid matching (SPM) has been incorporated into many of its extensions, these models intrinsically lack the mechanism to utilize frequency domain information. In this paper, we propose the locality-constrained encoding of frequency and spatial information (LEFSI) algorithm, in which an image is decomposed into multiple frequency components and each component is further decomposed into subregions using SPM. The scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) descriptors are first calculated in each subregion, and then converted into a global descriptor by using the codebook generated on a category-by-category basis and locality-constrained linear coding (LLC). The image feature is defined as the concatenation of global descriptors constructed in all subregions. We evaluated this algorithm against several state-of-the-art models on six benchmark datasets. Our results suggest that the proposed LEFSI algorithm can describe images more effectively and provide more accurate image classification.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61471297 and 61771397, in part by Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University and in part by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Speech & Image Information Processing (SAIIP), School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Yongsheng Pan & Yong Xia

  2. Centre for Multidisciplinary Convergence Computing (CMCC), School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Yong Xia

  3. Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technology (BMIT) Research Group, School of Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Yang Song & Weidong Cai

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  1. Yongsheng Pan
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Correspondence to Yong Xia.

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Pan, Y., Xia, Y., Song, Y. et al. Locality constrained encoding of frequency and spatial information for image classification. Multimed Tools Appl 77, 24891–24907 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-5712-3

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