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Controllable high-capacity separable data hiding in encrypted images by compressive sensing and data pretreatment

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Abstract

In this paper, a separable data hiding algorithm in encrypted images with controllable and high-capacity is proposed. Firstly, the original image is decomposed into important coefficients and unimportant coefficients by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Secondly, DWT is applied again on unimportant coefficients matrixes and then the obtained coefficients matrixes are compressed using compressive sensing (CS) to empty space for data hiding. All the important coefficients are encrypted using the traditional stream cipher by the content owner. Thirdly, the data hider hides the pretreated data information in the free space. Finally, the encrypted image containing additional data is scrambled to improve the security. The receiver can separably extract the hiding data or/and decrypt the image depending on the keys he owns. Compared with the previous work, there are various advantages in the proposed algorithm, such as the separability between image recovery and data extraction, the controllable and high-capacity for data hiding. Experimental results verify the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

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Acknowledgements

The work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61572089, 61472464, 61633005), the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission (Grant Nos. cstc2017jcyjBX0008, cstc2014jcyjA40030, cstc2015jcyjA40039), the Project Supported by Graduate Student Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No. CYB17026) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos., 106112017CDJQJ188830, 106112017CDJXY180005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Di Xiao, Juan Zhao & Mengdi Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Electronic Commerce and Logistics of Chongqing, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China

    Yong Wang

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  1. Di Xiao
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  2. Juan Zhao
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  4. Yong Wang
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Correspondence to Di Xiao.

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Xiao, D., Zhao, J., Wang, M. et al. Controllable high-capacity separable data hiding in encrypted images by compressive sensing and data pretreatment. Multimed Tools Appl 77, 23949–23968 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-5726-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-5726-x

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