Abstract
Most current image encryption algorithms directly confuse and/or diffuse the image pixels only in spatial domain which results in reducing storage efficiency and making the cipher-image incompressible. In this paper, we introduce a new color image encryption scheme based on the hash function SHA-512, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and chaotic maps with excellent performance. Combining with the plain-image and the secret keys, the SHA-512 is employed to generate the new keys. In the proposed algorithm, both the 2D-LASM and the 2D-SIMM are used to generate the keystreams, where the initial values and parameters are produced by the SHA-512 hash value. The single-level DWT is applied to decompose the plain-image into four image sub-bands. Then these sub-bands are shuffled, minified, reversed and swapped by the keystreams. The image after inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT) reconstruction is further divided and diffused using the keystreams (more than 2349) in spatial domain. Experimental results and performance analysis demonstrate the proposed scheme is an efficient, secure and robust encryption mechanism. Besides, the duration of the experiment was relatively short and required only 0.3628 s on average.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdulla AA (n.d.) Exploiting similarities between secret and cover images for improved embedding efficiency and security in digital steganography. ISNI: 0000 0004 5993 2371
Algredo-Badillo I, Feregrino-Uribe C, Cumplido R, Morales-Sandoval M (2013) FPGA-based implementation alternatives for the inner loop of the secure hash algorithm SHA-256. Microprocess Microsyst 37(6–7):750–757
Alvarez G, Li S (2006) Some basic cryptographic requirements for chaos-based cryptosystems. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 16(8):2129–2151
Bahrami S, Naderi M (2013) Encryption of multimedia content in partial encryption scheme of DCT transform coefficients using a lightweight stream algorithm. Optik 124(18):3693–3700
Bao L, Zhou Y (2015) Image encryption: generating visually meaningful encrypted images. Inf Sci 324:197–207
Enayatifar R, Sadaei HJ, Abdullah AH, Lee M, Isnin IF (2015) A novel chaotic based image encryption using a hybrid model of deoxyribonucleic acid and cellular automata. Opt Lasers Eng 71:33–41
Ghebleh M, Kanso A, Noura H (2014) An image encryption scheme based on irregularly decimated chaotic maps. Signal Process 29(5):618–627
Guesmi R, Farah MAB, Kachouri A, Samet M (2016) A novel chaos-based image encryption using DNA sequence operation and secure hash algorithm SHA-2. Nonlinear Dyn 83(3):1123–1136
Hu T, Liu Y, Gong L, Guo S, Yuan H (2017) Chaotic image cryptosystem using DNA deletion and DNA insertion. Signal Process 134:234–243
Hua Z, Zhou Y, Pun CM, Chen CLP (2015) 2D sine logistic modulation map for image encryption. Inf Sci 297:80–94
Huang X, Ye G (2014) An image encryption algorithm based on hyper-chaos and DNA sequence. Multimed Tools Appl 72(1):57–70
Kadir A, Hamdulla A, Guo W (2014) Color image encryption using skew tent map and hyper chaotic system of 6th-order CNN. Optik 125(5):1671–1675
Kalpana J, Murali P (2015) An improved color image encryption based on multiple DNA sequence operations with DNA synthetic image and chaos. Optik 126:5703–5709
Kanso A, Ghebleh M (2017) An algorithm for encryption of secret images into meaningful images. Opt Lasers Eng 90:196–208
Kong D, Shen X (2014) Multiple-image encryption based on optical wavelet transform and multichannel fractional Fourier transform. Opt Laser Technol 57:343–349
Kumar M, Mishra DC (2014) Sharma. A first approach on an RGB image encryption. Opt Lasers Eng 52(1):27–34
Lang J (2015) Color image encryption based on color blend and chaos permutation in the reality-preserving multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform domain. Opt Commun 338(228):181–192
Li P, Lo KT (2017) Joint image compression and encryption based on order-8 alternating transforms. J Vis Commun Image R 44:61–71
Li X, Wang Q, Kim S, Lee I (2016) Encrypting 2D/3D image using improved lensless integral imaging in Fresnel domain. Opt Commun 381:260–270
Liao X, Lai S, Zhou Q (2010) A novel image encryption algorithm based on self-adaptive wave transmission. Signal Process 90(9):2714–2722
Liu Z, Xu L, Liu T, Chen H, Li P, Lin C, Liu S (2011) Color image encryption by using Arnold transform and color-blend operation in discrete cosine transform domains. Opt Commun 284(1):123–128
Liu Z, Zhang Y, Liu W, Meng F, Wu Q, Liu S (2013) Optical color image hiding scheme based on chaotic mapping and Hartley transform. Opt Lasers Eng 51(8):967–972
Liu S, Guo C, Sheridan JT (2014) A review of optical image encryption techniques. Opt Laser Technol 57:327–342
Liu W, Sun K, Zhu C (2016) A fast image encryption algorithm based on chaotic map. Opt Lasers Eng 84:26–36
Murillo-Escobar MA, Cruz-Hernández C, Abundiz-Pérez F, López-Gutiérrez RM, Acosta del Campo OR (2015) A RGB image encryption algorithm based on total plain image characteristics and chaos. Signal Process 109:119–131
Norouzi B, Mirzakuchaki S (2014) A fast color image encryption algorithm based on hyper-chaotic systems. Nonlinear Dyn 78(2):995–1015
Olkkonen J (2011) Discrete wavelet transforms-theory and applications. InTech
Pareek NK, Patidar V, Sud KK (2013) Diffusion-substitution based gray image encryption scheme. Digit Signal Process 23(3):894–901
Radwan AG, AbdElHaleem SH, Abd-El-Hafiz SK (2016) Symmetric encryption algorithms using chaotic and non-chaotic generators: a review. J Adv Res 7:193–208
Singh H (2016) Cryptosystem for securing image encryption using structured phase masks in Fresnel wavelet transform domain. 3D Res 7(4):34
Singh H, Yadav AK, Vashisth S, Singh K (2015) Double phase-image encryption using gyrator transforms, and structured phase mask in the frequency plane. Opt Lasers Eng 67:145–156
Singh P, Yadav AK, Singh K (2017) Phase image encryption in the fractional Hartley domain using Arnold transform and singular value decomposition. Opt Lasers Eng 91:187–195
Sivaraman R, Sundararaman R, Rayappan JBB (2020) Ring oscillator as confusion diffusion agent: a complete TRNG drove image security. IET Image Process 14:2987–2997. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2019.0168
Skrobek A (2007) Cryptanalysis of chaotic stream cipher. Phys Lett 363(1–2):84–90
Stallings W (2011) Cryptography and network security: principles and practice. Int J Eng Comput Sci 1(1):121–136
Sui L, Xin M, Tian A, Jin H (2013) Single-channel color image encryption using phase retrieve algorithm in fractional Fourier domain. Opt Lasers Eng 51(12):1297–1309
Sundararaman R, Siva P, Mukund N (2020) Chua's Diode and Strange Attractor: A Three Layer Hardware – Software Co-design for Medical Image Confidentiality. IET Image Process:14(7)
Taneja N, Raman B, Gupta I (2012) Combinational domain encryption for still visual data. Multimed Tools Appl 59(3):775–793
Tedmori S, Al-Najdawi N (2012) Lossless image cryptography algorithm based on discrete cosine transform. Int Arab J Inform Technol 9(9):471–478
Tedmori S, Al-Najdawi N (2014) Image cryptographic algorithm based on the Haar wavelet transform. Inf Sci 269(11):21–34
Toughi S, Fathi MH, Sekhavat YA (2017) An image encryption scheme based on elliptic curve pseudo random and advanced encryption system. Signal Process 141:217–227
Vashisth S, Singh H, Yadav AK, Singh K (2014) Image encryption using fractional Mellin transform, structured phase filters and phase retrieval. Optik 125(18):5309–5315
Wang Y, Quan C, Tay CJ (2014) Nonlinear multiple-image encryption based on mixture retrieval algorithm in Fresnel domain. Opt Commun 330:91–98
Wei X, Guo L, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Lian S (2012) A novel color image encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system. J Syst Softw 85(2):290–299
Wei Y, Yan A, Dong J, Hu Z, Zhang J (2017) Optical image encryption using QR code and multilevel fingerprints in gyrator transform domains. Opt Commun 403:62–67
Wu X, Wang K (2018) Color image DNA encryption using NCA map-based CML and one-time keys. Signal Process Off Publ Eur Assoc Signal Process 148:272–287
Wu Y, Zhou Y, Noonan JP, Agaian S (2014) Design of image cipher using Latin squares. Inf Sci 264:317–339
Wu X, Wang D, Kurths J, Kan H (2016) A novel lossless color image encryption scheme using 2D DWT and 6D hyperchaotic system. Inf Sci 349-350:137–153
Wu X, Kurths J, Kan H (2017) A robust and lossless DNA encryption scheme for color images. Multimed Tools Appl 77:12349–12376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4885-5
Wu X, Wang K, Wang X (2017) Lossless chaotic color image cryptosystem based on DNA encryption and entropy. Nonlinear Dyn 90:855–875
Yaghouti Niyat A, Moattar MH, Niazi TM (2017) Color image encryption based on hybrid hyper-chaotic system and cellular automata. Opt Lasers Eng 90:225–237
Zhang Y, Wang X (2015) A new image encryption algorithm based on non-adjacent coupled map lattices. Appl Soft Comput 26:10–20
Zhang X, Zhu G, Ma S (2012) Remote-sensing image encryption in hybrid domains. Opt Commun 285(7):1736–1743
Zhang Q, Guo L, Wei X (2013) A novel image fusion encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system. Optik 124(18):3596–3600
Zhou Y, Panetta K, Agaian S, Chen CLP (2013) (n, k, p)-gray code for image systems. IEEE Trans Cyber 43(2):515–529
Zhou Y, Bao L, Chen CLP (2014) A new 1D chaotic system for image encryption. Signal Process 97:172–182
Zhou N, Li H, Wang D, Pan S, Zhou Z (2015) Image compression and encryption scheme based on 2D compressive sensing and fractional Mellin transform. Opt Commun 343:10–21
Zhu C (2012) A novel image encryption scheme based on improved hyperchaotic sequences. Opt Commun 285(1):29–37
Acknowledgements
This research was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 61004006 and 61203094), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos 2013 M530181 and 2015 T80396), Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province, China (Grant No 14HASTIT042), the Foundation for University Young Key Teacher Program of Henan Province, China (Grant No 2011GGJS-025), Shanghai Postdoctoral Scientific Program (Grant No 13R21410600).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, K., Wu, X., Wang, H. et al. New color image cryptosystem via SHA-512 and hybrid domain. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 18875–18899 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10511-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10511-0