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Fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with deformable spatial information for image segmentation

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Abstract

Due to the fuzzy c-means(FCM) clustering algorithm is very sensitive to noise and outliers, the spatial information derived from neighborhood window is often used to improve its image segmentation performance. However, the geometric structures of neighborhood window are usually fixed for each pixel. This may affect the quality of spatial information. In this paper, a deformable strategy is presented to address this problem. The proposed strategy defines a novel neighborhood window with free deformation form, whose shape can be adjusted adaptively for each pixel. Specifically, the offset is introduced for each pixel within the neighborhood window to obtain the deformable neighborhood window. The offset can be learned in each iteration of FCM. By using the proposed deformable strategy, the FCM algorithms with deformable spatial information can be easily developed based on previous FCM algorithms with spatial information. Those deformable spatial information based FCM algorithms perform well than their original variants on noisy images. In the meantime, the ability of image details preservation of fuzzy local information c-means clustering algorithm (FLICM) is significantly improved by using the deformable strategy. The experiment results of six spatial information based FCM algorithms show that the proposed deformable strategy is very effective.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the China-Japan Science and Technology Joint Committee of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (Grant No. 2017YFE0128400) and the Key Project of Science and Technology of Changsha (Grant No. kq1804005). Also, the authors would like to express their thanks to the reviewers for their valuable suggestions.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China

    Hang Zhang & Jian Liu

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  1. Hang Zhang
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  2. Jian Liu
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Correspondence to Jian Liu.

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Zhang, H., Liu, J. Fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with deformable spatial information for image segmentation. Multimed Tools Appl 81, 11239–11258 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-11904-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-11904-5

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