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Robust, imperceptible and optimized watermarking of DICOM image using Schur decomposition, LWT-DCT-SVD and its authentication using SURF

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Abstract

In this proposed work, a dual image watermarking algorithm is used to protect the data against copyright violations. In this work, the DICOM image is used as a host image. Two watermark images used are the MNNIT logo and the personal data of the patient. This method utilizes the advantages of Schur decomposition, lifting wavelet transform (LWT), discrete cosine transform (DCT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The scaling factor is a vital parameter of watermarking technique. The firefly optimization technique is used to get the optimized scaling factor. The Speeded-up robust features (SURF) are used for watermarking authentication. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), normalized correlation coefficient (NCC), and structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) are used. The proposed method is tested against various attacks such as Salt and Pepper noise, Gaussian noise, Gaussian low pass filter, Average filter, Median filter, Histogram equalization, Sharpening, Rotation and Region of interest filtering. The proposed algorithm shows a high level of robustness and imperceptibility. It is found that the features of the input host image and the watermarked image are matching correctly on applying the SURF technique.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electronics & Communication Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India

    Divyanshu Awasthi & Vinay Kumar Srivastava

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  1. Divyanshu Awasthi
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  2. Vinay Kumar Srivastava
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Correspondence to Divyanshu Awasthi.

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Awasthi, D., Srivastava, V.K. Robust, imperceptible and optimized watermarking of DICOM image using Schur decomposition, LWT-DCT-SVD and its authentication using SURF. Multimed Tools Appl 82, 16555–16589 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-14002-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-14002-8

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