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All phase discrete cosine biorthogonal transform versus discrete cosine transform in digital watermarking

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Abstract

The field of digital image watermarking has collected considerable attention from researchers and scholars, that eventually presents interesting challenges and opportunities for technological advancements. We can successfully address issues with multimedia access control by utilizing technological advancements, such as transform domain techniques, steganography, multimedia synchronization, robust watermark extraction, and many. This can be used to enhance technology in many ways like intellectual property protection, data integrity and security, and others. Photographic Image Watermarking is the process of inserting a message as a watermark to host image in some multimedia format. We can try to restrict multimedia from unwanted access through the help of digital watermarking. A few elements such as capacity, security, imperceptibility, and robustness must be considered while creating an effective and productive digital watermarked image. This paper compares All Phase Discrete Cosine Biorthogonal Transform (APDCBT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) in the field of image authentication and Digital Watermarking. Our proposed system uses a PN – Sequence algorithm and a secret user key called K to generate random vectors for selected coefficients to increase the security and robustness. The above two algorithms are combined with commonly used algorithms like Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for effective Digital Watermarking. For evaluating the imperceptibility of Watermarked Image, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) are taken into consideration.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University for the permission to publish this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India

    Jay Patel, Dev Tailor, Kevin Panchal, Samir Patel & Rajeev Gupta

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India

    Manan Shah

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  1. Jay Patel
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  2. Dev Tailor
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  3. Kevin Panchal
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  4. Samir Patel
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Contributions

All the authors make a substantial contribution to this manuscript. JP, DT, KP, SP, RG and MS participated in drafting the manuscript. JP, DT, KP, SP, RG and MS wrote the main manuscript. All the authors discussed the results and implication on the manuscript at all stages.

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Correspondence to Manan Shah.

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Patel, J., Tailor, D., Panchal, K. et al. All phase discrete cosine biorthogonal transform versus discrete cosine transform in digital watermarking. Multimed Tools Appl 83, 16121–16138 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-16106-1

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