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A novel multiple image encryption technique based on asymmetric cryptosystem with HCM in frequency domain

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Abstract

Developing efficient and secure image encryption techniques for transmitting multiple images has become crucial due to the inadequacy of single-image encryption techniques in handling the increasing volume of big data over unprotected networks. This paper introduces a novel multiple-image encryption (MIE) technique that utilizes mixed image elements in conjunction with the RSA cryptosystem, fractional discrete cosine transform (FrDCT), and Henon chaotic map (HCM). To encrypt k images together, the first step involves making three big images \(B_1\), \(B_2\) and \(B_3\) from these k images using matrix theory. The three images \(B_1\), \(B_2\) and \(B_3\) are converted into three indexed images \(I_1\), \(I_2\), and \(I_3\) by extracting their color maps. Indexed images \(I_1\), \(I_2\) and \(I_3\) are then treated as a single RGB image by taking \(I_1\) as a red (R) component, \(I_2\) as a green (G) component and \(I_3\) as a blue (B) component. The RSA cryptosystem is then applied on each component individually, followed by FrDCT and HCM to enhance security and key space. The resulting encrypted image is a single-channel real-valued image that is easy to display, store, and transmit over an unsecured network. The suggested technique offers multi-layer security in frequency, time and coordinate domains. Private keys, their arrangements and parameter positions are critical for decryption. Simulation analysis supports the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed technique. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates its extreme sensitivity towards private keys and their arrangement. Statistical analysis, including measures such as MSE, SSIM, PSNR, NPCR, UACI, entropy analysis, correlation coefficient, histogram analysis, computational complexity and comparison analysis confirm the effectiveness and viability of the introduced algorithm.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors, Yashavant Kumar, would like to acknowledge the financial assistance provided by the Birla institute of technology, Mesra, Ranchi.

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  1. Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India

    Yashavant Kumar & Vandana Guleria

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  1. Yashavant Kumar
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  2. Vandana Guleria
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Correspondence to Vandana Guleria.

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Kumar, Y., Guleria, V. A novel multiple image encryption technique based on asymmetric cryptosystem with HCM in frequency domain. Multimed Tools Appl 83, 72253–72278 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-18347-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-18347-0

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