Abstract
In inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging, translation compensation should be done before range-Doppler imaging process, and range alignment is the first step for translation compensation. In order to remove the limitation of integer range bin and align the echoes precisely for ISAR range alignment, combining with the advantage of array signal processing at fractional unit delay compensation, we propose a novel range alignment method based on linear transmitting/receiving (T/R) array. Firstly the ISAR imaging system is modeled as a linear T/R array. Then based on the snapshot imaging model of linear T/R array, range alignment is accomplished by wave path difference compensation which is transformed into the phase difference compensation in frequency domain between adjacent array elements. The phase difference compensation consists of integer range bin alignment and decimal time delay compensation which is implemented by the phase rotation’s estimation and compensation in frequency domain. Finally, the results of simulation data and real radar data are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Delisle, G. Y., & Wu, H. (1994). Moving target imaging and trajectory computation using ISAR. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 30(3), 887–899.
Dooley, S. R., & Nandi, A. K. (1999). Adaptive subsample time delay estimation using Lagrange interpolators. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 6(3), 65–67.
Foo, S., & Kashyap, S. (2003). Time-domain array factor for UWB antenna array. Electronic Letters, 39(18), 1304–1305.
Gunaratne, T. K., & Bruton, L. T. (2011). Broadband beamforming of dense aperture array (DAA) and focal plane array (FPA) signals using 3D spatio-temporal filters for applications in aperture synthesis radio astronomy. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 22(1–3), 213–236.
Hachabiboglu, H., Gunel, B., & Kondoz, A. M. (2007). Analysis of root displacement interpolation method for tunable allpass fractional-delay filters. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 55(10), 4896–4906.
Jeong, H., Kim, H., & Kim, K. (2008). Application of subarray averaging and entropy minimization algorithm to stepped-frequency ISAR autofocus. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 56(4), 1144–1154.
Jiang, B., & Chen, F. H. (2007). High precision time delay estimation using generalised MVDR cross spectrum. Electronics Letters, 43(2), 131–133.
Kim, H., Johnson, J. T., & Baertlein, B. A. (2000). High resolution Ka-band images of a small tree: Measurements and models. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 38(2), 899–910.
Laakso, T. I., Valimaki, V., Karjalainen, M., & Laine, U. K. (1996). Splitting the unit delay [FIR/all pass filters design]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 13(1), 30–60.
Liu, Z., Ruan, X., & He, J. (2013). Efficient 2-D DOA estimation for coherent sources with a sparse acoustic vector-sensor array. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 24(1), 105–120.
Mensa, D. L. (1982). High Resolution Radar Imaging. Norwood, MA: Artech House.
Munoz-Ferreras, J., & Perez-Martinez, F. (2009). Pitch estimation for non-cooperative maritime targets in ISAR scenarios. Radar, Sonar and Navigation IET, 3(5), 521–529.
Skolnik, M. (2002). Introduction to radar systems. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Su, Z., & Yuan, Y., (2011). Range alignment methods for ISAR imaging. In Proceedings of the international conference on graphic and image processing (Vol. 8285).
Viola, F., & Walker, W. F. (2005). A spline-based algorithm for continuous time-delay estimation using sampled data. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 52(1), 80–93.
Wang, M., Yang, S. Y., & Wu, S. J. (2006). Beamforming of UWB pulse array and its implementation. Digital Signal Processing, 16(16), 333–342.
Ward, D. B. (1995). Theory and design of broadband sensor arrays with frequency invariant far field beam patterns. Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 97(2), 1023–1034.
Xing, M., Wu, R., Li, Y., & Bao, Z. (2009). New ISAR imaging algorithm based on modified Wigner-Ville distribution. Radar Sonar and Navigation IET, 3(1), 70–80.
Zhu, Y., Su, Y., & Yu, W. (2010). An ISAR imaging method based on MIMO technique. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 48(8), 3290–3299.
Zhu, D., Wang, L., Yu, Y., Tao, Q., & Zhu, Z. (2009). Robust ISAR range alignment via minimizing the entropy of the average range profile. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters IEEE, 6(2), 204–208.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was supported by Industry-academic Joint Technological Innovations Fund Project of Jiangsu Province (BY2012187), NSFC (61101082), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2011562), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2010376) and Graduate Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (CXZZ11_0043).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wei, Y., Zhang, X., Bai, Y. et al. A novel range alignment method for ISAR based on linear T/R array model. Multidim Syst Sign Process 25, 759–773 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-013-0229-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-013-0229-4