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Nested algorithms for joint DOD and DOA estimation in bistatic MIMO radar

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Abstract

This paper presents two nested algorithms—one based on the Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT) algorithm and the other one on the maximum likelihood estimation—for joint direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar. Both of the proposed nested algorithms interweaves signal grouping schemes and DOD/DOA estimation. Thereby, in each stage only DODs or DOAs, but not both, need to be estimated, and thus the complexity called for can be reduced. Also, the signals in each group have close DOAs, yet diverse DODs, and vice versa, so both DODs and DOAs can be precisely estimated even some of them are very close. Additionally, the estimated DODs and DOAs are automatically paired together without extra computations. Also, for the proposed nested-ML, a non-iterative importance sampling-based ML estimator is developed which is ensured to attain global optimum. Simulation results show that the proposed nested-ESPRIT can provide competing performance, yet with much lower complexity compared with the main state-of-the-art works; whereas, nested-ML can reach the Cramer–Rao lower bound with slightly higher complexity.

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Notes

  1. It has been verified in Jin et al. (2009) that even if high Doppler shift exists, the autocorrelation and cross-correlation sidelobes are still low within the zero correlation zone. This implies that Doppler shift has almost no effect on the orthogonality of these waveforms, and thus can be neglected.

  2. In this paper, we use “1-D” to emphasize that we just estimate a single parameter (either DOD or DOA, but not both) and use “2-D” to denote that the DOD and DOA are estimated jointly.

  3. In this paper, we use the fact that one complex multiplication amounts to four real multiplications.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the reviewers for many useful comments and suggestions which have enhanced the quality and readability of this paper.This work was supported by National Ministry of Science and Technology, R.O.C. under contracts MOST 105-2221-E-011-046 and 105-2221-E-011-117.

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  1. Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC

    Wen-Hsien Fang, Chia-Chien Tu & Yie-Tarng Chen

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  1. Wen-Hsien Fang
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Correspondence to Wen-Hsien Fang.

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Fang, WH., Tu, CC. & Chen, YT. Nested algorithms for joint DOD and DOA estimation in bistatic MIMO radar. Multidim Syst Sign Process 29, 783–798 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-017-0511-y

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