Abstract
In this paper, a new notion of eigenvalue trim or co-trim for n-D Roesser (state-space) model is first introduced, which reveals the internal connection between the eigenvalues of the system matrix and the reducibility of the considered Roesser model. Then, new reducibility conditions and the corresponding order reduction algorithms based on eigenvalue trim or co-trim are proposed for exact order reduction of a given n-D Roesser model, and it will be shown that this eigenvalue trim approach can be applied even to those systems for which the existing approaches cannot do any further order reduction. Furthermore, a new transformation for n-D Roesser models, by swapping certain rows and columns and interchanging certain entries that belong to different blocks corresponding to different variables, will be established, which can transform an n-D Roesser model whose order cannot be reduced any more by the proposed approach to another equivalent Roesser model with the same order so that this transformed Roesser model can still be reduced further. Examples are given to illustrate the details as well as the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Andersson, L., Rantzer, A., & Beck, C. (1999). Model comparison and simplification. International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, 9(3), 157–181.
Anton, H. (2010). Elementary linear algebra. London: Wiley.
Antoniou, G., Paraskevopoulos, P., & Varoufakis, S. (1988). Minimal state-space realization of factorable 2-D transfer functions. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, 35(8), 1055–1058.
Bachelier, O., Cluzeau, T., David, R., & Yeganefar, N. (2016). Structural stabilization of linear 2D discrete systems using equivalence transformations. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 28(4), 1–24.
Beck, C., & D’Andrea, R. (2004). Noncommuting multidimensional realization theory: Minimality, reachability, and observability. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 49(10), 1815–1822.
Beck, C., Doyle, J., & Glover, K. (1996). Model reduction of multidimensional and uncertain systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 41(10), 1466–1477.
Beck, C. L., & Doyle, J. (1999). A necessary and sufficient minimality condition for uncertain systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 44(10), 1802–1813.
Bose, N., Guiver, J., Kamen, E., Valenzuela, H., & Buchberger, B. (1985). Multidimensional systems theory. Dordrecht: Reidel.
Bose, N. K. (1982). Applied multidimensional systems theory. Berlin: Springer.
Boudellioua, M., Galkowski, K., & Rogers, E. (2017). On the connection between discrete linear repetitive processes and 2-D discrete linear systems. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 28(1), 341–351.
Chen, C.-T. (1995). Linear system theory and design. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Inc.
Cockburn, J. C., & Morton, B. G. (1997). Linear fractional representations of uncertain systems. Automatica, 33(7), 1263–1271.
Cunha, D. P. (2013). Reduced order state-space models for 2-D systems. Master’s thesis. Porto, Portugal: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering university.
D’Andrea, R. & Khatri, S. (1997). Kalman decomposition of linear fractional transformation representations and minimality. In Proceeding of American control conference (Vol. 6, pp. 3557–3561). IEEE.
Fan, H., Cheng, H., & Xu, L. (2009). A constructive approach to minimal realization problem of 2D systems. Journal of Control Theory and Applications, 7(3), 335–343.
Galkowski, K. (1997). Elementary operation approach to state-space realizations of 2-D systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 44(2), 120–129.
Ghamgui, M., Yeganefar, N., Bachelier, O., & Mehdi, D. (2013). Robust stability of hybrid roesser models against parametric uncertainty: A general approach. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 24(4), 667–684.
Ghous, I., & Xiang, Z. (2016). Robust state feedback H\(_{\infty }\) control for uncertain 2-D continuous state delayed systems in the roesser model. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 27(2), 297–319.
Gilbert, J., & Gilbert, L. (2014). Linear algebra and matrix theory. Cambridge: Academic Press.
Givone, D. D., & Roesser, R. P. (1973). Minimization of multidimensional linear iterative circuits. IEEE Transactions on Computers, C–22(7), 673–678.
Hecker, S., & Varga, A. (2006). Symbolic manipulation techniques for low order LFT-based parametric uncertainty modelling. International Journal of Control, 79(11), 1485–1494.
Hecker, S., Varga, A., & Magni, J. F. (2005). Enhanced lfr-toolbox for matlab. Aerospace Science and Technology, 9(2), 173–180.
Kaczorek, T. (2008). Realization problem for positive 2D hybrid systems. COMPEL-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 27(3), 613–623.
Kailath, T. (1980). Linear systems (Vol. 156). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Kaltofen, E., Krishnamoorthy, M. S., & Saunders, B. D. (1990). Parallel algorithms for matrix normal forms. Linear Algebra and its Applications, 136, 189–208.
Kaltofen, E. L., & Storjohann, A. (2015). Complexity of computational problems in exact linear algebra. Berlin: Springer.
Kung, S. Y., Levy, B., Morf, M., Kailath, T., Kung, S.-Y., Levy, B. C., et al. (1977). New results in 2-D systems theory, part II: 2-D state-space models—Realization and the notions of controllability, observability, and minimality. Proceedings of the IEEE, 65(6), 945–961.
Lambrechts, P., Terlouw, J., Bennani, S., & Steinbuch, M. (1993). Parametric uncertainty modeling using LFTs. In Proceeding of American control conference (pp. 267–272).
Li, X., Lam, J., & Cheung, K. C. (2016). Generalized H\(_{\infty }\) model reduction for stable two-dimensional discrete systems. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 27(2), 359–382.
Lu, W.-S. (1992). Two-dimensional digital filters (Vol. 80). Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Lunze, J., & Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, F. (2009). Handbook of hybrid systems control: Theory, tools, applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Magni, J. (2006). User manual of the linear fractional representation toolbox version 2.0. Systems Control and Flight Dynamics Department, http://w3.onera.fr/smac/lfrt. Accessed 17 Mar 2014.
Manrique, T. & Patino, D. (2010). Mathematical modelling on hybrid dynamical systems: An application to the bouncing ball and a two-tanks system. In Andescon (pp. 1–8). IEEE.
Nguyen, T. L., Xu, L., Lin, Z., & Tay, D. B. (2017). On minimal realizations of first-degree 3D systems with separable denominators. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 28(1), 305–314.
Sugie, T. & Kawanishi, M. (1995). \(\mu \) analysis/synthesis based on exact expression of physical parameter variations. In Proceedings of ECC (pp. 159–164).
Van Hien, L., & Trinh, H. (2017). Observers design for 2-D positive time-delay Roesser systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 99, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2017.2723425.
Varga, A. & Looye, G. (1999). Symbolic and numerical software tools for lft-based low order uncertainty modeling. In Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE international symposium on computer aided control system design (pp. 1–6). IEEE.
Xu, L., Fan, H., Lin, Z., & Bose, N. (2008). A direct-construction approach to multidimensional realization and LFR uncertainty modeling. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 19(3–4), 323–359.
Xu, L., Fan, H., Lin, Z., & Xiao, Y. (2011). Coefficient-dependent direct-construction approach to realization of multidimensional systems in Roesser model. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 22(1), 97–129.
Xu, L., & Yan, S. (2010). A new elementary operation approach to multidimensional realization and LFR uncertainty modeling: The SISO case. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 21(4), 343–372.
Xu, L., Yan, S., Lin, Z., & Matsushita, S. (2012). A new elementary operation approach to multidimensional realization and LFR uncertainty modeling: The MIMO case. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 59(3), 638–651.
Yan, S., Xu, L., & Anazawa, Y. (2007). A two-stage approach to the establishment of state-space formulation of 2-D frequency transformation. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 14(12), 960–963.
Yan, S., Xu, L., & Xiao, Y. (2012). Order reduction for Roesser state-space model based on elementary operations. In IEEE International symposium on circuits and systems (ISCAS) (pp. 1468–1471).
Yan, S., Xu, L., Zhao, Q., & Tian, Y. (2014). Elementary operation approach to order reduction for Roesser state-space model of multidimensional systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 61(3), 789–802.
Yan, S., Zhao, D., Xu, L., Cai, Y., & Li, Q. (2016). A novel elementary operation approach with Jordan transformation to order reduction for Roesser state-space model. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 28(4), 1–26.
Zerz, E. (1999). LFT representations of parametrized polynomial systems. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, 46(3), 410–416.
Zerz, E. (2000). Topics in multidimensional linear systems theory. London: Springer.
Zhou, K., Doyle, J . C., Glover, K., et al. (1996). Robust and optimal control (Vol. 40). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was partly supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS.KAKENHI15K06072), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61104122) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (lzujbky-2016-136).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, D., Yan, S. & Xu, L. Eigenvalue trim approach to exact order reduction for roesser state-space model of multidimensional systems. Multidim Syst Sign Process 29, 1905–1934 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-017-0536-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-017-0536-2