Abstract
In this paper, we propose an adaptive multimeme algorithm (AMMA) to address the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) with the objective to minimize the makespan. The search operator is modeled as a synergy of genetic and memetic mechanisms through integrating a stochastic variation and a local search procedure into a composite operator for each individual. Three effective local search methods, featured with distinctive neighborhood structures, are adopted. The stochastic variations include crossover operators and mutation operators crafted for the FJSP. A bandit based operator selection strategy is applied to select operators for individuals adaptively. So as to better suit the current stage of search process, a sliding window is used to record the recent performance achieved by the operators, thereby guiding the subsequent selection of operations. The proposed AMMA is tested on several well-known sets of benchmark problems and is compared with some existing state-of-the-art algorithms. The results show that AMMA achieves satisfactory performance in solving these different sets of problems. Furthermore, a further in-depth analysis is presented to elucidate the improved search performance generated by the adaptive mechanism.
















Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Al Hinai N, ElMekkawy T (2011) An efficient hybridized genetic algorithm architecture for the flexible job shop scheduling problem. Flex Serv Manuf J 23(1):64–85
Auer P, Cesa-Bianchi N, Fischer P (2002) Finite-time analysis of the multiarmed bandit problem. Mach Learn 47(2–3):235–256
Bagheri A, Zandieh M, Mahdavi I, Yazdani M (2010) An artificial immune algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Future Gener Comput Syst 26(4):533–541
Barnes J, Chambers J (1996) Flexible job shop scheduling by tabu search. Graduate program in operations research and industrial engineering, The University of Texas at Austin. Technical report series ORP, pp 96–09
Ben Hmida A, Haouari M, Huguet MJ, Lopez P (2010) Discrepancy search for the flexible job shop scheduling problem. Comput Oper Res 37(12):2192–2201
Bozejko W, Uchroński M, Wodecki M (2010) Parallel hybrid metaheuristics for the flexible job shop problem. Comput Ind Eng 59(2):323–333
Brandimarte P (1993) Routing and scheduling in a flexible job shop by tabu search. Ann Oper Res 41(3):157–183
Brucker P, Schlie R (1990) Job-shop scheduling with multi-purpose machines. Computing 45(4):369–375
Brucker P, Drexl A, Möhring R, Neumann K, Pesch E (1999) Resource-constrained project scheduling: notation, classification, models, and methods. Eur J Oper Res 112(1):3–41
Chen H, Ihlow J, Lehmann C (1999) A genetic algorithm for flexible job-shop scheduling. In: 1999 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, IEEE, pp 1120–1125
Cheng R, Gen M, Tsujimura Y (1996) A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms, part I: representation. Int J Comput Ind Eng 30(4):983–997
Cheng R, Gen M, Tsujimura Y (1999) A tutorial survey of job-shop scheduling problems using genetic algorithms, part II: hybrid genetic search strategies. Comput Ind Eng 36(2):343–364
Consoli PA, Minku LL, Yao X (2014) Dynamic selection of evolutionary algorithm operators based on online learning and fitness landscape metrics. In: Simulated evolution and learning—10th international conference, SEAL 2014, Dunedin, New Zealand, December 15–18, 2014. Springer, Proceedings, pp 359–370
Costa LD, Fialho Á, Schoenauer M, Sebag M (2008) Adaptive operator selection with dynamic multi-armed bandits[C]. In: Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation. ACM, pp 913–920
Dauzère-Pérès S, Paulli J (1997) An integrated approach for modeling and solving the general multiprocessor job-shop scheduling problem using tabu search. Ann Oper Res 70:281–306
Demšar J (2006) Statistical comparisons of classifiers over multiple data sets. J Mach Learn Res 7:1–30
Fialho Á (2010) Adaptive operator selection for optimization. PhD, Ecole Doctorale Informatique, Universite Paris-Sud, Paris
Fialho Á, Costa LD, Schoenauer M, Sebag M (2010a) Analyzing bandit-based adaptive operator selection mechanisms. Ann Math Artif Intell 60(1–2):25–64
Fialho Á, Schoenauer M, Sebag M (2010b) Toward comparison-based adaptive operator selection. In: Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation. ACM, pp 767–774
Fisher H, Thompson GL (1963) Probabilistic learning combinations of local job-shop scheduling rules. Ind Sched 3(2):225–251
Gao J, Sun L, Gen M (2008) A hybrid genetic and variable neighborhood descent algorithm for flexible job shop scheduling problems. Comput Oper Res 35(9):2892–2907
Gao K, Suganthan P, Pan Q, Chua T, Cai T, Chong C (2014) Discrete harmony search algorithm for flexible job shop scheduling problem with multiple objectives. J Intell Manuf 27:363–374
García S, Molina D, Lozano M, Herrera F (2009) A study on the use of non-parametric tests for analyzing the evolutionary algorithms’ behaviour: a case study on the cec’2005 special session on real parameter optimization. J Heuristics 15(6):617–644
Garey MR, Johnson DS, Sethi R (1976) The complexity of flowshop and jobshop scheduling. Math Oper Res 1(2):117–129
Glover F (1990) Tabu search: a tutorial. Interfaces 20(4):74–94
Ho NB, Tay JC (2008) Solving multiple-objective flexible job shop problems by evolution and local search. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern C Appl Rev 38(5):674–685
Ho NB, Tay JC, Lai EMK (2007) An effective architecture for learning and evolving flexible job-shop schedules. Eur J Oper Res 179(2):316–333
Hurink J, Jurisch B, Thole M (1994) Tabu search for the job-shop scheduling problem with multi-purpose machines. OR Spectr 15(4):205–215
Jakob W (2010) A general cost-benefit-based adaptation framework for multimeme algorithms. Memet Comput 2:201–218
Jerald J, Asokan P, Prabaharan G, Saravanan R (2005) Scheduling optimisation of flexible manufacturing systems using particle swarm optimisation algorithm. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 25:964–971
Jia H, Nee A, Fuh J, Zhang Y (2003) A modified genetic algorithm for distributed scheduling problems. J Intell Manuf 14(3–4):351–362
Jurisch B (1992) Scheduling jobs in shops with multi-purpose machines. PhD thesis, Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik, Universitat Osnabruck
Kacem I, Hammadi S, Borne P (2002) Approach by localization and multiobjective evolutionary optimization for flexible job-shop scheduling problems. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern C Appl Rev 32(1):1–13
Kobti Z et al (2012) A memetic algorithm for job shop scheduling using a critical-path-based local search heuristic. Memet Comput 4(3):231–245
Krasnogor N (2002) Studies on the theory and design space of memetic algorithms. PhD thesis, University of the West of England at Bristol
Krasnogor N, Gustafson S (2004) A study on the use of self-generation in memetic algorithms. Nat Comput 3(1):53–76
Lawrence S (1984) Supplement to resource constrained project scheduling: an experimental investigation of heuristic scheduling techniques. GSIA, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh
Le MN, Ong YS, Jin Y, Sendhoff B (2012) A unified framework for symbiosis of evolutionary mechanisms with application to water clusters potential model design. IEEE Comp Intell Mag 7(1):20–35
Li JQ, Pan QK, Suganthan P, Chua T (2011) A hybrid tabu search algorithm with an efficient neighborhood structure for the flexible job shop scheduling problem. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 52(5–8):683–697
Li JQ, Pan QK, Tasgetiren MF (2014a) A discrete artificial bee colony algorithm for the multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem with maintenance activities. Appl Math Model 38(3):1111–1132
Li K, Fialho Á, Kwong S, Zhang Q (2014b) Adaptive operator selection with bandits for a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 18(1):114–130
Mastrolilli M, Gambardella LM (2000) Effective neighbourhood functions for the flexible job shop problem. J Sched 3:3–20
Maturana J, Fialho Á, Saubion F, Schoenauer M, Sebag M (2009) Extreme compass and dynamic multi-armed bandits for adaptive operator selection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, pp 365–372
Minku LL, Sudholt D, Yao X (2014) Improved evolutionary algorithm design for the project scheduling problem based on runtime analysis. IEEE Trans Soft Eng 40(1):83–102
Moscato P, Cotta C (2003) A gentle introduction to memetic algorithms[M]. In: Handbook of metaheuristics. Springer, US, pp 105–144
Nayak NC, Ray PK (2012) An empirical investigation of the relationships between manufacturing flexibility and product quality. Int J Model Oper Manag 2(1):26–44
Neri F, Tirronen V, Karkkainen T, Rossi T (2007) Fitness diversity based adaptation in multimeme algorithms:a comparative study. In: Proceedings of IEEE congress on evolutionary computation, pp 2374–2381
Oddi A, Rasconi R, Cesta A, Smith SF (2011) Iterative flattening search for the flexible job shop scheduling problem. In: Proceedings of the twenty-second international joint conference on artificial intelligence. AAAI Press, pp 1991–1996
Ong YS, Keane AJ (2004) Meta-lamarckian learning in memetic algorithms. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 8(2):99–110
Ong YS, Lim MH, Chen X (2010) Research frontier: memetic computation-past, present & future. IEEE Comp Int Mag 5(2):24–31
Pacino D, Hentenryck PV (2011) Large neighborhood search and adaptive randomized decompositions for flexible jobshop scheduling. In: Proceedings of the 22nd international joint conference on artificial intelligence, pp 1997–2002
Paulli J (1995) A hierarchical approach for the FMS scheduling problem. Eur J Oper Res 86:32–42
Pezzella F, Morganti G, Ciaschetti G (2008) A genetic algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Comput Oper Res 35(10):3202–3212
Pinedo M (1995) Scheduling: theory, algorithms, and systems. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs
Saidi-Mehrabad M, Fattahi P (2007) Flexible job shop scheduling with tabu search algorithms. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 32:563–570
Sethi AK, Sethi SP (1990) Flexibility in manufacturing: a survey. Int J Flex Manuf Syst 2(4):289–328
Shen XN, Yao X (2015) Mathematical modeling and multi-objective evolutionary algorithms applied to dynamic flexible job shop scheduling problems. Inf Sci 298:198–224
Tsubone H, Horikawa M (1999) A comparison between machine flexibility and routing flexibility. Int J Flex Manuf Syst 11(1):83–101
Wang L, Wang S, Xu Y, Zhou G, Liu M (2012a) A bi-population based estimation of distribution algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Comput Ind Eng 62(4):917–926
Wang L, Zhou G, Xu Y, Wang S, Liu M (2012b) An effective artificial bee colony algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 60:303–315
Xing LN, Chen YW, Wang P, Zhao QS, Xiong J (2010) A knowledge-based ant colony optimization for flexible job shop scheduling problems. Appl Soft Comput 10(3):888–896
Yazdani M, Amiri M, Zandieh M (2010) Flexible job-shop scheduling with parallel variable neighborhood search algorithm. Expert Syst Appl 37(1):678–687
Yuan Y, Xu H (2013a) Flexible job shop scheduling using hybrid differential evolution algorithms. Comput Ind Eng 65(2):246–260
Yuan Y, Xu H (2013b) An integrated search heuristic for large-scale flexible job shop scheduling problems. Comput Oper Res 40(12):2864–2877
Yuan Y, Xu H, Yang J (2013c) A hybrid harmony search algorithm for the flexible job shop scheduling problem. Appl Soft Comput 13(7):3259–3272
Zhang G, Shao X, Li P, Gao L (2009) An effective hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Comput Ind Eng 56(4):1309–1318
Zribi N, Kacem I, El Kamel A, Borne P (2007) Assignment and scheduling in flexible job-shops by hierarchical optimization. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern C Appl Rev 37(4):652–661
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61273317), the National Top Youth Talents Support Program of China, and the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (Grant No. K50510020001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zuo, Y., Gong, M. & Jiao, L. Adaptive multimeme algorithm for flexible job shop scheduling problem. Nat Comput 16, 677–698 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9583-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-016-9583-0