Abstract
The present article addresses a novel approach to enhance the overall performance of a WDM optical network. Centralized and distributed approaches for dynamic lightpath establishment are well studied in the literature. Both the approaches have some drawbacks. In this article a hybrid approach is proposed to accept the advantages and discard the disadvantages of both the approaches. With the proposed hybrid approach, a WDM optical network is divided into clusters of nodes. Within a cluster centralized mechanism is applicable whereas connection requests between the node pairs from different clusters follow the distributed mechanism. Also, in this article an analytical model is proposed to compute the expected blocking probability of the proposed hybrid network. First, blocking probabilities for the centralized and distributed approaches are computed and then it is extended for the hybrid approach. The distinguished feature of the proposed analytical model is that it efficiently utilizes the path information of the calls to determine the overall blocking probability of a WDM optical network. It extracts the necessary parameters of a network by simulation and utilize the information to analytically calculate the blocking probability of the network. The NSFNET T1 backbone network is used for the simulation study. To justify the analytical model, the simulation results are compared with that of the analytical model. The simulation results establish the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid approach over the distributed approach in merits of both the call setup time and blocking probability.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mukherjee B.: Optical communication networks. McGraw-Hill, New York (1997)
Ramaswami R., Sivarajan K.N.: Optical networks: a practical perspective. Morgan Kaufman Publishers, San Francisco (1998)
Barry R.A., Humblet P.A.: Models of blocking probability in all-optical networks with and without wavelength changers. IEEE J. Select. Areas. Commun. 14(5), 858–867 (1996)
Barry, R.A., Marquis, D.: An improved model of blocking probability in all-optical networks. In: 1995 Digest of the LEOS summer topical meetings, pp. 43–44, 7–1 Aug 1995
Subramaniam S., Azizoglu M., Somani A.K.: All-optical networks with sparse wavelength conversion. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 4(4), 544–557 (1996)
Birman A.: Computing approximate blocking probabilities for a class of all-optical networks. IEEE J. Select. Areas. Commun. 14(5), 852–857 (1996)
Ramaswami R., Sivarajan K.N.: Routing and wavelength assignment in all-optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 3(5), 858–867 (1996)
Mokhtar A., Azizoglu M.: Adaptive wavelength routing in all-optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 6(2), 197–206 (1996)
Chung S., Kashper A., Ross K.W.: Computing approximate blocking probabilities for large loss networks with state-dependent routing. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 1(1), 105–115 (1993)
Sridharan A., Sivarajan K.N.: Blocking in all-optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 12(2), 384–397 (2004)
Ramamurthy R., Mukherjee B.: Fixed-alternate routing and wavelength conversion in wavelength-routed optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 10(3), 351–367 (2002)
Biswas U., Naskar M.K., Mukhopadhyay A., Maulik U.: A heuristic algorithm for static wavelength assignment in WDM optical networks. IETE Tech. Rev. 22(3), 199–204 (2005)
Naskar, M.K., Sarkar, T., Biswas, U., Sarkar, S.K.: An efficient heuristic for static wavelength assignment in WDM optical networks. In: Conference of HOT 2003, p. 83. Calcutta, India, Feb 2003
Jana S., Chowdhury S., Naskar M.K., Saha D., Mukherjee A.: Assigning wavelengths in WDM optical networks using an efficient graph coloring algorithm. Int. J. Inform. Comput. Sci. 4(2), 1–7 (2001)
Saha, D., Naskar, M.K., Mukherjee, A.: Novel approach for assigning wavelengths in WDM all-optical networks (AON). In: International Conference of APOC 2001, China, Nov 2001.
Roy, K., Naskar, M.K., Biswas, U.: Adaptive dynamic wavelength routing for WDM optical networks. In: Third international conference on wireless and optical communications networks (WOCN)—2006, IEEE Communication Society, Bangalore, India, 11–13 April 2006
Li L., Somani A.K.: Dynamic wavelength routing using congestion and neighborhood information. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 7(5), 779–786 (1999)
Subramaniam, S., Barry, R.A.: Dynamic wavelength assignment in fixed routing WDM networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications (ICC’97), pp. 406–410. Quebec, Canada, 11–13 April 1997
Zhang, X., Qiao, C.: Wavelength assignment for dynamic traffic in multi-fiber WDM networks. In: IEEE ICCCN, pp. 479–485, Oct 1998
Chan, K., Yum, T.P.: Analysis of least congested path routing in WDM lightwave networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM’94, pp. 962–969. Toronto, ON, Canada, June 1994
Li, L., Somani, A.K.: Blocking performance analysis of fixed-paths least-congestion routing in multifiber WDM networks. In: Proceedings fo SPIE photonics East’99, pp. 56–67. Boston, MA, USA (1999)
Sridharan, A., Sivarajan, K.N.: Blocking in all-optical networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 990–999, March 2000
Roy, K.: A simple approach for optimal allocation of wavelength converters in WDM optical networks. In: Fourth international conference on wireless and optical communications networks (WOCN)—2007, IEEE Communication Society. Grand Hyatt, Singapore, 2–4 July 2007
Zhang, Y., Taira, K., Takagi, H., Das, S.K.: An efficient heuristic for routing and wavelength assignment in optical WDM networks. In: ICOIN 2002, LNCS 2343, pp. 291–304 (2002)
Ramaswami, R., Segall, A.: Distributed network control for wavelength routed optical networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM’96, vol.1, pp. 138–147 (1996)
Yuan X., Melhem R., Gupta R., Meim Y., Qiao C.: Distributed Control protocols for wavelength reservation and their performance evaluation. Photon. Network Commun. 1(3), 207–218 (1999)
Sengupta A., Bandyopadhyay S., Balla A.R., Jackel A.: Algorithms for dynamic routing in all-optical networks. Photon. Network Commun. 2(2), 163–184 (2000)
Mukhopadhyay, A., Biswas, U., Naskar, M.K.: Distributed routing and wavelength assignment algorithms for dynamic WDM all-optical networks. In: International conference on PHOTONICS—2004, page NET P.2. Cochin, India, Dec 2004
Kejie L., Xiao G., Chlamtac I.: Analysis of blocking probability for distributed lightpath establishment in WDM optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Network. 13(1), 187–197 (2005)
Zhemin D., Hamdi M.: Routing and wavelength assignment in multi-segment WDM optical networks using clustering techniques. Photon. Network Commun. 8(1), 55–67 (2004)
Fukushima Y., Harai H., Arakawa S., Murata M.: A distributed clustering method for hierarchical routing in large-scaled wavelength routed networks. IEICE Trans. Commun. E88-B(10), 3904–3913 (2005)
Chiu A.L., Modiano E.H.: Traffic grooming algorithms for reducing electronic multiplexing costs in WDM ring networks. J. Lightwave Technol. 18(1), 2–12 (2000)
Modiano E., Lin P.J.: Traffic grooming in WDM networks. IEEE Commun. Mag. 39(7), 124–129 (2001)
BerryR. Modiano E.: Reducing electronic multiplexing costs in SNET/WDM rings with dynamically changing traffic. IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. 18(10), 1961–1971 (2000)
Srinivasan R., Somani A.K.: Dynamic routing in WDM grooming networks. Photon. Network Commun. 5(2), 123–135 (2003)
Srinivasan, R., Somani, A.K.: Request-specific routing in WDM grooming networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICC, pp. 2876–2880, April–May 2002
Zhemin D., Hamdi M.: Traffic grooming in optical WDM mesh networks using the blocking island paradigm. Opt. Networks Mag. 4(6), 7–15 (2003)
Mukhopadhyay, A., Singh, J.K., Biswas, U., Naskar, M.K.: Distributed approaches for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM optical networks. In: International conference on CODEC-04, pp. P–55. Calcutta, India, Jan 2004
Mukhopadhyay, A., Singh, J.K., Biswas, U., Naskar, M.K.: Improved distributed approaches for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM optical networks. In: DPN’04, pp. 92–96. IIT Kharagpur, India, 11–13 June 2004
Mukhopadhyay, A., Biswas, U., Naskar, M.K.: A genetic algorithm for traffic grooming in unidirectional SONET/WDM rings. In: IEEE India annual conference 2004, INDICON, pp. 252–255. IIT Kharagpur, India, 20–22 Dec 2004
Wang J., Cho W., Rao Vemuri V., Mukherjee B.: Improved approaches for cost-effective traffic grooming in WDM ring networks: ILP formulations and single-hop and multihop connections. J. Lightwave Technol. 19(11), 1645 (2001)
Hu J.: Traffic grooming in wavelength-division-multiplexing ring networks: a linear programming solution. J. Opt. Network. 1(11), 397 (2002)
Roy K., Naskar M.K.: Genetic evolutionary algorithm for static traffc grooming to SONET over WDM optical networks. J. Comput. Commun. 30(17), 3392–3402 (2007)
Roy K., Naskar M.K.: A heuristic solution to SONET ADM minimization for static traffic grooming in WDM uni-directional ring networks. Photon. Network Commun. 12(2), 153–160 (2006)
Roy K., Naskar M.K.: Simulation-based SADM optimization approach for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM optical networks. Photon. Network Commun. 16(1), 11–21 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Roy, K., Naskar, M.K. A path-disjoint approach for blocking probability analysis in hybrid dynamic wavelength routed WDM grooming networks. Photon Netw Commun 18, 363–377 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-009-0199-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-009-0199-5