Abstract
This work proposes a stochastic model to characterize the transmission control protocol (TCP) over optical burst switching (OBS) networks which helps to understand the interaction between the congestion control mechanism of TCP and the characteristic bursty losses in the OBS network. We derive the steady-state throughput of a TCP NewReno source by modeling it as a Markov chain and the OBS network as an open queueing network with rejection blocking. We model all the phases in the evolution of TCP congestion window and evaluate the number of packets sent and time spent in different states of TCP. We model the mixed assembly process, burst assembler and disassembler modules, and the core network using queueing theory and compute the burst loss probability and end-to-end delay in the network. We derive expression for the throughput of a TCP source by solving the models developed for the source and the network with a set of fixed-point equations. To evaluate the impact of a burst loss on each TCP flow accurately, we define the burst as a composition of per-flow-bursts (which is a burst of packets from a single source). Analytical and simulation results validate the model and highlight the importance of accounting for individual phases in the evolution of TCP congestion window.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Venkatesh T., Murthy C.S.R.: An Analytical Approach to Optical Burst Switched Networks. Springer, USA (2010)
Shihada B., Ho P.-H.: Transport control protocol in optical burst switched networks: Issues, solutions, and challenges. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 10(2), 70–86 (2008)
Detti, A., Listanti, M.: Impact of segments aggregation of TCP Reno flows in optical burst switching networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1803–1812 (2002)
Padhye J., Firoiu V., Towsley D., Kurose J.: Modeling TCP throughput: a simple model and its empirical validation. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 28(4), 303–314 (1998)
Yu, X., Qiao, C., Liu, Y., Towsley, D.: Performance evaluation of TCP implementations in OBS networks. Tech. Report, CSE Dept., SUNY Buffalo (2003)
Detti A., Listanti M.: Amplification effects of the send rate of TCP connection through an optical burst switching network. Opt. Switch. Netw. 2(1), 49–69 (2005)
Raffaelli, C., Zaffoni, P.: Simple analytical formulation of the TCP send rate in optical burst switched networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, pp. 109–114 (2006)
Yu, X., Qiao, C.: TCP performance over OBS networks with multiple flows input. In: Proceedings of IEEE Broadband Communications, Networks and Systems (BROADNETS), pp. 1–10 (2006)
Cao, X., Li, J., Chen, Y., Qiao, C.: Assembling TCP/IP packets in optical burst switched networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM, pp. 84–90 (2002)
Bimal, V., Venkatesh, T., Murthy, C.S.R.: A Markov chain model for TCP NewReno over optical burst switching networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM, pp. 2215–2219 (2007)
Medina A., Allman M., Floyd S.: Measuring the evolution of transport protocols in the Internet. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 35(2), 37–52 (2005)
Dunaytsev, R., Koucheryavy, Y., Harju, J.: TCP NewReno throughput in the presence of correlated losses: the slow-but-steady variant. In: Proceedings of IEEE Global Internet Symposium in conjunction with INFOCOM (2006)
Casetti, C., Meo, M.: A new approach to model the stationary behavior of TCP connections. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 367–375 (2000)
Wierman, A., Osogami, T., Olsen, J.: A unified framework for modeling TCP-Vegas, TCP-SACK, and TCP-Reno. In: Proceedings of IEEE/ACM MASCOTS, pp. 269–278 (2003)
Dimopoulos, P., Zeephongsekul, P., Tari, Z.: Modeling the burstiness of TCP. In: Proceedings of IEEE/ACM MASCOTS, pp. 175–183 (2004)
Garetto M., Cigno R.L., Meo M., Marsan M.A.: Closed queueing network models of interacting long-lived TCP flows. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 12(2), 300–311 (2004)
Rodrigo, M.V., Gotz, J.: An analytical study of optical burst switching aggregation strategies. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Optical Burst Switching in Conjunction with BROADNETS, (2004)
Karagiannis, T., Molle, M., Faloutsos, M., Broido, A.: A nonstationary Poisson view of Internet traffic. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1558–1569 (2004)
Bose S.K.: An Introduction to Queueing Systems. 1st edn. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, Dordrecht (2002)
Rosberg Z., Vu H.L., Zukerman M., White J.: Performance analyses of optical burst-switching networks. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 21(7), 1187–1196 (2003)
Gross D., Harris C.M.: Fundamentals of Queueing Theory. 3rd edn. Wiley, New York (2003)
Tijms H.C.: A First Course in Stochastic Models. 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (2003)
Joo C., Bahk S.: Start-up transition behaviour of TCP NewReno. Electron. Lett. 35(21), 1818–1820 (1999)
Fortin-Parisi S., Sericola B.: A Markov model of TCP throughput, goodput and slow start. Perform. Eval. 58, 89–108 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bimal, V., Venkatesh, T. & Murthy, C.S.R. A stochastic model for the behavior of multiple TCP NewReno sources over optical burst switching network. Photon Netw Commun 22, 109–122 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-011-0312-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-011-0312-4