Abstract
The authors demonstrate an implementation of hybrid fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) and free space optical (FSO) technologies as another alternative solution to bring light-speed performance to the residential users. A simulation experiment was performed with a 20 km single-mode fiber spanning from the Central Office to 1:32 splitter, before the signal propagated through the air to FSO receivers which were individually equipped with an Optical Network Unit (ONU). A downstream performance of the video signal transmitted at 1550 nm wavelength with a bit rate of 1 Gbps was studied under different weather conditions. The results show that for an acceptable bit error rate of 10−9, 32 ONUs are supportable at a combined FSO: FTTx distance ratio of 20:4.8, 20:2, and 20:1.4 km during clear weather, average and heavy rain, respectively.
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Abbreviations
- FTTx:
-
Fiber-to-the-x
- FSO:
-
Free space optical
- OLT:
-
Optical line terminal
- SMF:
-
Single-mode fiber
- ONU:
-
Optical network unit
- PON:
-
Passive optical networks
- GPON:
-
Gigabit PON
- EPON:
-
Ethernet PON
- WiFi:
-
Wireless fidelity
- WiMAX:
-
Worldwide interoperability for microwave access
- LOS:
-
Line-of-sight
- CO:
-
Central office
- P2MP:
-
Point-to-multipoint
- TDM:
-
Time division multiplexing
- DFB:
-
Distributed feedback
- FCC:
-
Federal communications commission
- NRZ:
-
Non-return-to-zero
- PRBS:
-
Pseudorandom bit sequence
- MZM:
-
Mach Zehnder modulator
- EDFA:
-
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
- ITU-T:
-
International telecommunication union—telecommunication
- ITU-R:
-
International telecommunication union—radiocommunication
- APD:
-
Avalanche photodiode
- BER:
-
Bit error rate
- ROP:
-
Received optical power
- SNR:
-
Signal-to-noise ratio
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Ahmad Anas, S.B., Hamat, F.H., Hitam, S. et al. Hybrid fiber-to-the-x and free space optics for high bandwidth access networks. Photon Netw Commun 23, 33–39 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-011-0333-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-011-0333-z