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FWM aware evolutionary programming algorithm for transparent optical networks

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Abstract

This paper proposes and evaluates a four-wave mixing (FWM) aware evolutionary programming algorithm for dynamically setting up lightpaths in an optical wavelength division multiplexed network (WDM network). The proposed algorithm also considers the effect of amplified spontaneous emission noise (ASE noise) on a lightpath during propagation of the optical signal from any source to the intended destination. As crosstalk due to FWM and ASE noise are two transmission impairments that degrade the quality of optical signal even at low to medium data rates, it is mandatory for an algorithm for dynamic routing and wavelength assignment in a WDM network to consider the effect of these two impairments on the lightpath to be established. The distinguishing feature of the proposed algorithm is that it is based on an initial population of a single individual and uses a fitness function that is expressed in terms of the number of hops, path cost, variance contributions due to FWM crosstalk, amplifier noise, and different beat noises at the receiver. The performance of a newly introduced FWM aware priority-based wavelength assignment technique is compared with few of the existing wavelength assignment techniques in the present work.

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Abbreviations

WDM:

Wavelength division multiplexing

QoT:

Quality of transmission

RWA:

Routing and wavelength assignment

ASE:

Amplified spontaneous emission

DWDM:

Dense wavelength division multiplexing

SPM:

Self-phase modulation

FWM:

Four-wave mixing

ISI:

Inter-symbol interference

CD:

Chromatic dispersion

PMD:

Polarized mode dispersion

FC:

Filter concatenation

BER:

Bit error rate

XPM:

Cross-phase modulation

DRWA:

Dynamic routing and wavelength assignment

ACO:

Ant colony optimization

QoS:

Quality of service

WRNs:

Wavelength routing nodes

EDFA:

Erbium doped fiber amplifier

NZDSF:

Non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber

XCS:

Cross-connect switch

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology, Sarang, Orissa, 759146, India

    Urmila Bhanja

  2. Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, West Midnapur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India

    Sudipta Mahapatra & Rajarshi Roy

Authors
  1. Urmila Bhanja
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  2. Sudipta Mahapatra
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  3. Rajarshi Roy
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Correspondence to Urmila Bhanja.

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Bhanja, U., Mahapatra, S. & Roy, R. FWM aware evolutionary programming algorithm for transparent optical networks. Photon Netw Commun 23, 285–299 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-011-0359-2

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