Skip to main content
Log in

Cross-layer routing in clustered optical networks

  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Physical layer impairment aware routing algorithms have been proposed for optical transparent networks in order to calculate the feasibility of dynamically establishing an optical path when no regeneration is used. The benefit of node clustering in optical networks, regarding routing with physical layer impairment awareness, is investigated under the CANON network architecture where regenerators are conveniently placed and routing is confined among a small subset of nodes. The CANON architecture exhibits enhanced blocking performance, high resource utilisation and adequate physical performance; hence, it can serve Quality of Service.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zang H., Jue J.P., Mukherjee B.: A review of routing and wavelength assignment approaches for wavelength-routed optical WDM networks. Opt. Netw. Mag. 1(1), 47–60 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mokhtar A., Azizoglu M.: Adaptive wavelength routing in all-optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 6(2), 197–206 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Fonseca, I.E., Ribeiro, M.R.N., Almeida, Jr., R.C., Waldman, H.: Meeting optical QoS in dynamic networks with reduced complexity. We.4.P.141, ECOC (2004)

  4. Cardillo, R., Curri, V. Mellia, M.: Considering transmission impairments in wavelength routed networks. Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2006 and the 2006 National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference OFC 2006, 5–10, p. 3, March (2006)

  5. Levandovsky, D.: Wavelength routing based on physical impairments. OFC 2001, vol. 2, TuG7 (2001)

  6. Politi, C., Matrakidis, C., Stavdas, A., Anagnostopoulos, V.: Gunkel Matthias. Cross Layer Routing in Transparent Optical Networks. OFC 2007, Anaheim, California, USA, 26–29 March (2007)

  7. Manousakis K., Kokkinos P., Christodoulopoulos K., Varvarigos E.: Joint online routing, wavelength assignment and regenerator allocation in translucent optical networks. IEEE/OSA J. Lightw. Technol. 28(8), 1152–1163 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Salvadori E., Yabin Y., Vijaya Saradhi C., Zanardi A., Woesner H., Carcagni M., Galimberti G., Martinelli G., Tanzi A., La Fauci D.: Distributed optical control plane architectures for handling transmission impairments in WDM optical networks. IEEE/OSA J. Lightw. Technol. (JLT) 27(13), 2224–2239 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Martinez R., Pinart C., Cugini F., Andriolli N., Valcarenghi L., Castoldi P., Wosinska L., Comellas J., Junyent G.: Challenges and requirements for introducing impairment-awareness into the management and control planes of ASON/GMPLS WDM networks. IEEE Commun. Mag. 44(12), 76–85 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Agraz, F., Azodolmolky, S., Angelou, M., Perello, J., Velasco, L., Spadaro, S., Francescon, A., Saradhi, C.V., Pointurier, Y., Kokkinos, P., Varvarigos, E., Gunkel, M., Tomkos, I.: Experimental Demonstration of Centralized and Distributed Impairment-Aware Control Plane Schemes for Dynamic Transparent Optical Networks. Postdeadline (PDP) paper, IEEE/OSA OFC (2010)

  11. Vijaya Saradhi, C., Fedrizzi, R., Zanardi, A., Salvadori, E., Maria Galimberti, G., Tanzi, A., Martinelli, G., Gerstel, O.: A Framework for Regenerator Site Selection Based on Multiple Paths. IEEE/OSA, OFC (2010)

  12. Pachnicke S., Paschenda T., Krummrich P.M.: Assessment of a constraint-based routing algorithm for translucent 10Gbits/s DWDM networks considering fiber nonlinearities. J. Opt. Netw. 7(4), 365–377 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Shen G., Tucker R.S.: Translucent optical networks: the way forward [topics in optical communications]. Commun. Mag. IEEE 45(2), 48–54 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Drakos A., Orphanoudakis T.G., Politi C., Stavdas A., Lord A.: Evaluation of optical core networks based on the CANON architecture. Photon. Netw. Commun. 20(1), 75–82 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Politi C.T., Haunstein H., Schupke D.A, Duhovnikov S., Lehmann G.S, Stavdas A., Gunkel M., Martensson J., Lord A.: Integrated design and operation of a transparent optical network: a systematic approach to include physical layer awareness and cost function [topics in optical communications]. IEEE Commun. Mag. 45(2), 40–47 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Anagnostopoulos V., Politi C.T., Matrakidis C., Stavdas A.: Physical layer impairment aware wavelength routing algorithms based on analytically calculated constraints. Opt. Commun. 270(2), 247–254 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Stavdas A., Orphanoudakis T., Lord G.A., Kanonakis K., Matrakidis C., Drakos A., Angelopoulos J.D.: Dynamic CANON: a scalable multi-domain core network. IEEE Commun. Mag. 46(6), 138–144 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Stavdas A., Politi C.T., Orphanoudakis T., Drakos A.: Optical packet routers: how they can efficiently and cost-effectively scale to petabits per second [invited]. J. Opt. Netw. 7(10), 867 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Yuan, X.: Heuristic algorithms for multiconstrained quality-of-service routing. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. (TON) 10(2), 244–256 April (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kissing J., Gravemann T., Voges E.: Analytical probability density function for the Q factor due to PMD and noise. Photon. Technol. Lett. IEEE 15/4, 611–613 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Mork J., Ohlman F., Bischoff S.: Analytical expression for the bit error rate of cascaded all-optical regenerators. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15(10), 1479–1482 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. De Maesschalck S., Colle D., Lievens I., Pickavet M., Demeester P., Mauz C., Jaeger M., Inkret R., Mikac B., Derkacz J.: Pan-European optical transport networks: an availability based comparison. Photon. Netw. Commun. 5(3), 203–225 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Angelopoulos J.D., Kanonakis K., Koukouvakis G., Leligou H.C., Matrakidis C., Orphanoudakis Th., Stavdas A.: An optical network architecture with distributed switching inside node clusters features improved loss, efficiency and cost. IEEE J. Lightw. Technol. 25(5), 1138–1146 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christina Politi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Politi, C., Anagnostopoulos, V. & Stavdas, A. Cross-layer routing in clustered optical networks. Photon Netw Commun 25, 1–9 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-012-0385-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-012-0385-8

Keywords

Navigation