Abstract
We propose a combined atom–molecule system for quantum information processing in individual traps, such as provided by optical lattices. In this platform, different species of atoms—one atom carrying a qubit and the other enabling the interaction—are used to store and process quantum information via intermediate molecular states. We show how gates, initialization, and readout operations could be implemented using this approach. In particular, we describe in some detail the implementation of a two-qubit phase gate in which a pair of atoms is transferred into the ground rovibrational state of a polar molecule with a large dipole moment, thus allowing atoms transferred into molecules to interact via their dipole-dipole interaction. We also discuss how the reverse process could be used as a non-destructive readout tool of molecular qubit states. Finally, we generalize these ideas to use a decoherence-free subspace for qubit encoding to minimize the decoherence due to magnetic field fluctuations. In this case, qubits will be encoded into field-insensitive states of two identical atoms, while a third atom of a different species will be used to realize a phase gate.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sorensen A.S., van der Wal C.H., Childress L.I., Lukin M.D.: Capacitive coupling of atomic systems to mesoscopic conductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 063601 (2004)
Rabl P., DeMille D., Doyle J.M., Lukin M.D., Schoelkopf R.J., Zoller P.: Hybrid quantum processors: molecular ensembles as quantum memory for solid state circuits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 033003 (2006)
Tordrup K., Molmer K.: Quantum computing with a single molecular ensemble and a Cooper-pair box. Phys. Rev. A 77, 020301 (2008)
Jaksch D.: Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information processing. Contemp. Phys. 45, 367 (2004)
Treutlein P., Steinmetz T., Colombe Y., Lev B., Hommelhoff P., Reichel J., Greiner M., Mandel O., Widera A., Rom T., Bloch I., Hänsch T.W.: Quantum information processing in optical lattices and magnetic microtraps. Fortschr. Phys. 54, 702 (2006)
Jaksch D., Cirac J.I., Zoller P., Rolston S.L., Côté R., Lukin M.D.: Fast quantum gates for neutral atoms. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2208 (2000)
Calarco T., Briegel H.-J., Jaksch D., Cirac J.I., Zoller P.: Quantum computing with trapped particles in microscopic potentials. Fortschr. Phys. 48, 945 (2000)
Calarco T., Dorner U., Julienne P.S., Williams C.J., Zoller P.: Quantum computations with atoms in optical lattices: marker qubits and molecular interactions. Phys. Rev. A 70, 012306 (2004)
DeMille D.: Quantum computation with trapped polar molecules. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 067901 (2002)
Yelin S.F., Kirby K., Côté R.: Schemes for robust quantum computation with polar molecules. Phys. Rev. A 74, 050301(R) (2006)
Kuznetsova E., Côté R., Kirby K., Yelin S.F.: Analysis of experimental feasibility of polar-molecule-based phase gates. Phys. Rev. A 78, 012313 (2008)
Carr L.D., DeMille D., Krems R.V., Ye J.: Cold and ultracold molecules: science, technology and applications. New J. Phys. 11, 055049 (2009)
Lysebo M., Veseth L.: Diatomic molecules in optical and microwave dipole traps. Phys. Rev. A 83, 033407 (2011)
Kuznetsova E., Gacesa M., Yelin S.F., Côté R.: Phase gate and readout with an atom-molecule hybrid platform. Phys. Rev. A 81, 030301(R) (2010)
Volz T., Syassen N., Bauer D.M., Hansis E., Durr S., Rempe G.: Preparation of a quantum state with one molecule at each site of an optical lattice. Nat. Phys. 2, 692 (2006)
Ospelkaus C., Ospelkaus S., Humbert L., Ernst P., Sengstock K., Bongs K.: Ultracold heteronuclear molecules in a 3D optical lattice. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 120402 (2006)
Andre A., DeMille D., Doyle J.M., Lukin M.D., Maxwell S.E., Rabl P., Schoelkopf R.J., Zoller P.: A coherent all-electrical interface between polar molecules and mesoscopic superconducting resonators. Nat. Phys. 2, 636 (2006)
Jones K.M., Tiesinga E., Lett P.D., Julienne P.S.: Ultracold photoassociation spectroscopy: long-range molecules and atomic scattering. Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 483 (2006)
Köhler T., Góral K., Julienne P.S.: Production of cold molecules via magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances. Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 1311 (2006)
Ni K.-K., Ospelkaus S., de Miranda M.H.G., Pe’er A., Neyenhuis B., Zirbel J.J., Kotochigova S., Julienne P.S., Jin D.S., Ye J.: A high phase-space-density gas of polar molecules. Science 322, 231 (2008)
Marzok C., Deh B., Courteille P.W., Zimmermann C.: Ultracold thermalization of Li-7 and Rb-87. Phys. Rev. A 76, 052704 (2007)
Freericks J.K., Maska M.M., Hu A., Hanna T.M., Williams C.J., Julienne P.S., Lemanski R.: Improving the efficiency of ultracold dipolar molecule formation by first loading onto an optical lattice. Phys. Rev. A 81, 011605 (2010)
Marzok C., Deh B., Zimmermann C., Courteille P.W., Tiemann E., Vanne Y.V., Saenz A.: Feshbach resonances in an ultracold Li-7 and Rb-87 mixture. Phys. Rev. A 79, 012717 (2009)
Marte A., Volz T., Shuster J., Durr S., Rempe G., van Kempen E.G.M., Verhaar B.J.: Feshbach resonances in rubidium 87: precision measurement and analysis. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 283202 (2002)
Silber C., Gunther S., Marzok C., Deh B., Courteille P.W., Zimmermann C.: Quantum-degenerate mixture of fermionic lithium and bosonic rubidium gases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 170408 (2005)
Pellegrini P., Gacesa M., Côté R.: Giant formation rates of ultracold molecules via Feshbach-optimized photoassociation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 053201 (2008)
Kuznetsova E., Gacesa M., Pellegrini P., Yelin S.F., Côté R.: Efficient formation of ground-state ultracold molecules via STIRAP from the continuum at a Feshbach resonance. New J. Phys. 11, 055028 (2009)
Aldegunde J., Rivington B.A., Zuchowski P.S., Hutson J.M.: Hyperfine energy levels of alkali-metal dimers: ground-state polar molecules in electric and magnetic fields. Phys. Rev. A 78, 033434 (2008)
Aldegunde J., Hutson J.M.: Hyperfine energy levels of alkali-metal dimers: ground-state homonuclear molecules in magnetic fields. Phys. Rev. A 79, 013401 (2009)
Daley A.J., Boyd M.M., Ye J., Zoller P.: Quantum Computing with alkaline-earth-metal atoms. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 170504 (2008)
Gorshkov A.V., Rey A.M., Daley A.J., Boyd M.M., Ye J., Zoller P., Lukin M.D.: Alkaline-earth-metal atoms as few-qubit quantum registers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 110503 (2009)
Safronova M.S., Arora B., Clark C.W.: Frequency-dependent polarizabilities of alkali-metal atoms from ultraviolet through infrared spectral regions. Phys. Rev. A 73, 022505 (2006)
Kotochigova S., Tiesinga E.: Controlling polar molecules in optical lattices. Phys. Rev. A 73, 041405 (2006)
Korek M., Allouche A.R., Kobeissi M., Chaalan A., Dagher M., Fakherddin K., Aubert-Frecon M.: Theoretical study of the electronic structure of the LiRb and NaRb molecules. Chem. Phys. 256, 1 (2000)
Deuretzbacher F., Plassmeier K., Pfannkuche D., Werner F., Ospelkaus C., Ospelkaus S., Sengstock K., Bongs K.: Heteronuclear molecules in an optical lattice: theory and experiment. Phys. Rev. A 77, 032726 (2008)
Bertelsen J.F., Molmer K.: Association of heteronuclear molecules in a harmonic oscillator well. Phys. Rev. A 76, 043615 (2007)
Ye J.: Ultracold polar molecules near quantum degeneracy. Faraday Discuss. 142, 319 (2009)
Aymar M., Dulieu O.: Calculation of accurate permanent dipole moments of the lowest (1,3) Sigma (+) states of heteronuclear alkali dimers using extended basis sets. J. Chem. Phys. 122, 204302 (2005)
Saffman M., Walker T.G.: Analysis of a quantum logic device based on dipole-dipole interactions of optically trapped Rydberg atoms. Phys. Rev. A 72, 022347 (2005)
Aliferis P., Preskill J.: Fibonacci scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Phys. Rev. A 79, 012332 (2009)
Knill E.: Quantum computing with realistically noisy devices. Nature 434, 39 (2005)
Weitenberg C., Endres M., Sherson J.F., Cheneau M., Schaub P., Fukuhara T., Bloch I., Kuhr S.: Single-spin addressing in an atomic Mott insulator. Nature 471, 319 (2011)
Li Z., Singh S., Tscherbul T.V., Madison K.W.: Feshbach resonances in ultracold Rb-85-Rb-87 and Li-6-Rb-87 mixtures. Phys. Rev. A 78, 022710 (2008)
Zanardi P., Rasetti M.: Noiseless quantum codes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3306 (1997)
Lidar D.A., Chuang I.L., Whaley K.B.: Decoherence-free subspaces for quantum computation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 2594 (1998)
Soderberg K.A.B., Gemelke N., Chin C.: Ultracold molecules: vehicles to scalable quantum information processing. New J. Phys. 11, 055022 (2009)
Brion E., Pedersen L.H., Molmer K., Chutia S., Saffmann M.: Universal quantum computation in a neutral-atom decoherence-free subspace. Phys. Rev. A 75, 032328 (2007)
Sebby-Strabley J., Anderlini M., Jessen P.S., Porto J.V.: Lattice of double wells for manipulating pairs of cold atoms. Phys. Rev. A 73, 033605 (2006)
Lee P.J., Anderlini M., Brown B.L., Sebby-Strabley J., Phillips W.D., Porto J.V.: Sublattice addressing and spin-dependent motion of atoms in a double-well lattice. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 020402 (2007)
Lundblad M., Obrecht J.M., Spielman I.B., Porto J.V.: Field-sensitive addressing and control of field-insensitive neutral-atom qubits. Nat. Phys. 5, 575 (2009)
Urban E., Johnson T.A., Henage T., Isenhower L., Yavuz D.D., Walker T.G., Saffman M.: Observation of Rydberg blockade between two atoms. Nat. Phys. 5, 110 (2009)
Gaetan A., Miroshnychenko Y., Wilk T., Chotia A., Viteau M., Comparat D., Pillet P., Browaeys A., Grangier P.: Observation of collective excitation of two individual atoms in the Rydberg blockade regime. Nat. Phys. 5, 115 (2009)
Capogrosso-Sansone, B.: Solid phases and pairing in a mixture of polar molecules and atoms, arxiv:1009.6213 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kuznetsova, E., Yelin, S.F. & Côté, R. An atom–molecule platform for quantum computing. Quantum Inf Process 10, 821 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-011-0308-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-011-0308-0