Abstract
This study proposes two new coding functions for GHZ states and GHZ-like states, respectively. Based on these coding functions, two fault tolerant authenticated quantum direct communication (AQDC) protocols are proposed. Each of which is robust under one kind of collective noises: collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise, respectively. Moreover, the proposed AQDC protocols enable a sender to send a secure as well as authenticated message to a receiver within only one step quantum transmission without using the classical channels.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan for partially supporting this research in finance under the Contract No. NSC 100-2221-E-006-152-MY3.
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Yang, CW., Hwang, T. Fault tolerant authenticated quantum direct communication immune to collective noises. Quantum Inf Process 12, 3495–3509 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-013-0611-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-013-0611-z