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Models in quantum computing: a systematic review

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Abstract

Quantum computing is computing beyond classical computing based on quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement. While quantum computing is still seeking its shape, its effect is seen in making magnificent strides in the field of computing bringing into bare a new dimension of computing. Nevertheless, just like any other concept or field, it has some challenges, and a lot of research and work need to be done to realize its capabilities and benefits. This review provides an insight into quantum computing models coupled with the identification of some pros and cons. The main contribution of this systematic review is that it summarizes the current state-of-the-art models of quantum computing in various domains. It provides new classifications of quantum models based on the literature reviewed and links results to that of the four major categories of quantum computing models. Assessment reveals that most of the models reviewed are either mathematical or algorithmic even though they are based on quantum operations and circuits.

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Acknowledgements

First and foremost, we would like to thank our father for the inspiration to write this manuscript. This manuscript or article would never have been possible without the support and guidance of various people at the University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana.

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  1. University of Energy and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana

    Peter Nimbe, Benjamin Asubam Weyori & Adebayo Felix Adekoya

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 2, 34, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.

Table 2 Category of models (mathematical, machine, circuit, algorithmic ref. [7, 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223])
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Table 3 New classifications based on literature (ref. [7, 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223])
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Table 4 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [11,12,13,14])
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Table 5 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [15,16,17])
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Table 6 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [18,19,20,21])
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Table 7 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [22,23,24,25])
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Table 8 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [26,27,28,29,30])
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Table 9 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [31,32,33,34,35])
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Table 10 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [37,38,39,40,41])
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Table 11 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60])
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Table 12 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [72,73,74,75,76,77])
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Table 13 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [82,83,84,85,86,87])
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Table 14 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99])
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Table 15 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111])
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Table 16 Pros and cons of quantum computing models (ref. [7, 112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120])
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Nimbe, P., Weyori, B.A. & Adekoya, A.F. Models in quantum computing: a systematic review. Quantum Inf Process 20, 80 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-021-03021-3

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