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Efficient semi-quantum private comparison without using entanglement resource and pre-shared key

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Abstract

Semi-quantum private comparison (SQPC) aims to compare the equality of the classical participants’ secrets with the help of a semi-honest TP, in which TP has full quantum capability while the classical participants’ quantum capability is limited. In the existing SQPC protocols, the entanglement resource (e.g., entangled state preparation and entangled state measurement) and pre-shared key are usually required. Besides, the qubit efficiency is relatively low. In this paper, we propose an efficient SQPC protocol based on single-particle states, in which the entanglement resource and pre-shared key are unnecessary. The qubit efficiency of our protocol is far greater than that of all existing SQPC protocols due to the use of single-particle states and circular transmission mode. Moreover, our protocol can be extended to the multi-party case, which can accomplish arbitrary pair’s comparison of equality among \(n(n\ge 2)\) classical participants. Finally, various kinds of attacks have been analyzed, which show that the proposed protocol is secure against the outside and inside attacks.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1636106, 61671087 and 61962009), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (Grant No. 4182006), the BUPT Excellent Ph.D Students Foundation (Grant No. CX2021117) and the Fund of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2019XD-A02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China

    Ye Chongqiang, Li Jian & Tian Yuan

  2. Information Security Center, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China

    Chen Xiubo

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  1. Ye Chongqiang
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  2. Li Jian
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  3. Chen Xiubo
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  4. Tian Yuan
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Correspondence to Li Jian.

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Chongqiang, Y., Jian, L., Xiubo, C. et al. Efficient semi-quantum private comparison without using entanglement resource and pre-shared key. Quantum Inf Process 20, 262 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-021-03194-x

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